The facility education nurse is providing a group of new nurses education regarding weaponized biological threats. When discussing anthrax, which of the following should be included as portals of entry? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Choice A reason: Proactive prevention is not a level of prevention, but rather a type of prevention that involves taking action before a problem occurs or worsens. It can be applied to any level of prevention, such as primary, secondary, or tertiary.

Choice B reason: Secondary prevention is a level of prevention that involves detecting and treating diseases or injuries early before they cause significant complications or disabilities. It includes activities such as screening tests, diagnostic tests, or medications.

Choice C reason: Tertiary prevention is a level of prevention that involves reducing the impact and consequences of diseases or injuries that have already occurred and caused damage or impairment. It includes activities such as rehabilitation, surgery, or palliative care.

Choice D reason: Primary prevention is a level of prevention that involves preventing diseases or injuries from occurring in the first place, by eliminating or reducing risk factors or enhancing protective factors. It includes activities such as immunization, education, or lifestyle modification. Advising a client with osteoporosis to have three servings of milk or dairy products daily is an example of primary prevention because it aims to prevent further bone loss and fractures by increasing calcium intake.

Choice A reason: Scheduling energy-intensive activities at the time of day when the client has higher energy levels is the best activity plan for conserving the client's energy without compromising physical or mental health, as it allows the client to perform the tasks that require more effort and endurance when they feel more alert and capable. This can help the client to avoid fatigue, frustration, and injury, and to achieve their goals more effectively. The nurse should assess the client's individual preferences and patterns of energy fluctuation, and help them to prioritize and plan their activities accordingly.

Choice B reason: Scheduling all activities within a small block of time to allow the client a longer, uninterrupted rest period is not a good activity plan for conserving the client's energy without compromising physical or mental health, as it may cause the client to overexert themselves and deplete their energy reserves. This can lead to exhaustion, pain, and stress, and impair the client's recovery and quality of life. The nurse should advise the client to balance their activities with adequate rest periods throughout the day and to avoid doing too much or too little at once.

Choice C reason: Scheduling toilet breaks before and after any other planned activity is not a good activity plan for conserving the client's energy without compromising physical or mental health, as it may not be realistic or feasible for some clients. Some clients may have urinary or bowel problems that require them to use the toilet more frequently or urgently, such as incontinence, infection, or constipation. Forcing them to follow a rigid schedule may cause them discomfort, embarrassment, or complications. The nurse should assess the client's elimination needs and habits, and help them to manage their toileting needs in a comfortable and convenient way.

Choice D reason: Scheduling the client's hygiene activities and limiting visitors is not a good activity plan for conserving the client's energy without compromising physical or mental health, as it may neglect the client's social and emotional needs. Hygiene activities are important for maintaining the client's physical health and well-being, but they can also be tiring and challenging for some clients. Limiting visitors may reduce the noise and stimulation in the environment, but it can also isolate the client from their family and friends who can provide support and companionship. The nurse should assist the client with their hygiene needs as needed, and encourage them to interact with their visitors as tolerated.