The following newborns are three-hours old and are sleeping.
The registered nurse should notify the provider about which newborn?
The newborn with a red raised capillary hemangioma on the left forearm.
The newborn with a heart rate of 154 beats/minute.
The newborn with a respiratory rate of 72 breaths/minute.
The newborn with whitish, hardened nodules on the gums of the mouth.
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D
Choice A rationale
Difficulty feeding in infants can result from fatigue caused by inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues due to heart failure. Feeding is a demanding activity that requires energy and coordination, making it an early symptom of cardiac compromise in pediatric patients.
Choice B rationale
Wheezes or rales are caused by pulmonary congestion or edema, which occur in heart failure due to increased pulmonary venous pressure. This congestion results in fluid accumulation in the alveoli, leading to abnormal breath sounds. These findings require prompt evaluation.
Choice C rationale
Edema in the feet and legs results from systemic venous congestion caused by right-sided heart failure. Increased hydrostatic pressure in peripheral veins leads to fluid leakage into interstitial spaces, causing swelling, especially in dependent areas.
Choice D rationale
Tachypnea occurs as a compensatory mechanism in heart failure. Poor cardiac output reduces oxygen delivery, triggering the respiratory center to increase the breathing rate to improve oxygen uptake and delivery. It is an early sign of cardiopulmonary compromise in children.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Thanking the nurse for information does not provide an actionable or measurable response to the safety plan. It signifies acknowledgment but does not demonstrate engagement or utilization of the resources provided. Effective evaluation involves observable actions that reflect the client's commitment to safety measures, such as storing or sharing resources.
Choice B rationale
Storing the crisis center number in their phone indicates the client values the provided resource and anticipates using it if necessary. It shows a proactive step in engaging with the safety plan and retaining information for future use. This measurable action demonstrates their awareness of the importance of having immediate access to help during emergencies.
Choice C rationale
The belief that their home will become safer due to the presence of a baby reflects denial or false optimism. It fails to address the inherent risks of intimate partner violence, which often escalate during stressful situations. A rational evaluation involves recognizing danger and taking steps to access resources for safety.
Choice D rationale
Choosing not to leave their home indicates resistance or inability to engage with the safety plan effectively. It reflects a lack of readiness to act on safety measures, making this response inappropriate as a measure of evaluating the safety plan. Behavioral change is necessary to ensure the client's well-being.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Umbilical cord compression is associated with variable decelerations, not late decelerations. The distinction lies in the timing of the decelerations, as umbilical cord compression causes abrupt drops in heart rate rather than gradual late drops after contractions.
Choice B rationale
Late decelerations occur due to uteroplacental insufficiency, where the placenta fails to adequately supply oxygen to the fetus. This is a sign of fetal distress, often caused by conditions such as maternal hypotension or placental abruption, requiring prompt intervention.
Choice C rationale
Fetal head compression leads to early decelerations, which are benign and occur as the head is compressed during contractions. This contrasts with late decelerations, which are indicative of compromised fetal oxygenation.
Choice D rationale
Maternal bradycardia does not cause late decelerations on the fetal monitor. Late decelerations are specifically related to uteroplacental insufficiency, not maternal cardiac conditions. .
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