The glenohumeral joint that articulates the humerus to the pectoral girdle is a highly mobile joint. This mobility comes at a cost because:
These types of joints are harder to control and coordinate
The ligaments around the joint are loosely arranged
They only provide a reduced amount of power
The blood vessels that lead to the arm and hand can easily be cut off by the free range of motion
The joint is relatively unstable and can easily dislocate
The Correct Answer is E
Choice A reason: While coordination is important in highly mobile joints, this is not the primary reason for the vulnerability of the glenohumeral joint.
Choice B reason: Ligaments around the shoulder joint are indeed more flexible to allow movement, but this alone does not fully explain the joint’s instability.
Choice C reason: Power generation is not significantly reduced due to mobility. Muscles around the shoulder can generate substantial force.
Choice D reason: Blood vessels are generally well protected and not easily compromised by joint movement. This is not a common consequence of shoulder mobility.
Choice E reason: This is the correct answer. The glenohumeral joint is a ball-and-socket joint with a shallow socket, allowing extensive range of motion. However, this anatomical configuration makes it relatively unstable and prone to dislocation, especially during forceful or awkward movements.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: While converting lactic acid to pyruvic acid is part of recovery, excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) encompasses more than just this process.
Choice B reason: This is the correct answer. EPOC refers to the additional oxygen required after exercise to restore the body to its resting state. It includes replenishing ATP and creatine phosphate stores, converting lactic acid, and restoring oxygen levels in blood and muscle.
Choice C reason: Oxygen consumption is not directly equal to glucose usage. This choice oversimplifies the metabolic relationship.
Choice D reason: Oxygen used during exercise is part of normal aerobic metabolism, not excess postexercise consumption.
Choice E reason: Oxygen taken in during contractions is part of ongoing metabolism, not the recovery phase described by EPOC.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: The sella turcica is correctly named, but it is located on the sphenoid bone, not the ethmoid. This makes the pairing incorrect.
Choice B reason: The crista galli is a projection of the ethmoid bone and serves as an attachment point for the falx cerebri, not for protecting the pituitary gland. Additionally, it is not located on the sphenoid bone.
Choice C reason: This is the correct answer. The sella turcica is a saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone that houses and protects the pituitary gland. It is a central feature of the cranial floor.
Choice D reason: The occipital condyles are located on the occipital bone and articulate with the first cervical vertebra. They have no role in protecting the pituitary gland.
Choice E reason: While the crista galli is correctly paired with the ethmoid bone, it does not protect the pituitary gland. Its function is related to the attachment of meninges.
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