The healthcare provider has determined that a client has contracted hepatitis A based on flu-like symptoms and jaundice. Which statement made by the client supports this medical diagnosis?
"I was an intravenous drug abuser in the past and shared needles."
"I ate shellfish about 2 weeks ago at a local restaurant."
"I had a blood transfusion 30 years ago after major abdominal surgery."
"I have had unprotected sex with multiple partners."
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:While sharing needles can transmit hepatitis, it is more commonly associated with hepatitis B and C, not hepatitis A.
Choice B reason:Eating shellfish from contaminated water is a well-known route of transmission for hepatitis A, aligning with the client's symptoms.
Choice C reason:Blood transfusions were a risk for hepatitis transmission in the past, but since the 1990s, blood products are screened for hepatitis, making this an unlikely source.
Choice D reason:Unprotected sex can be a route of transmission for hepatitis, but hepatitis A is more commonly spread through ingestion of contaminated food or water, not sexual contact.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["24"]
Explanation
- Step 1: Identify the prescribed dose in units per hour. The client is scheduled to receive 1,200 units/hr of heparin.
- Step 2: Identify the concentration of the available solution. The available solution contains 25,000 units of heparin in 500 mL D5W.
- Step 3: Calculate the volume of solution needed to deliver the required dose. We can set up a proportion to solve for this:
- 25,000 units is to 500 mL as 1,200 units is to X mL.
- In other words, 25,000 units : 500 mL = 1,200 units : X mL.
- Step 4: Solve for X using cross-multiplication and division:
- Cross-multiplication gives us: 25,000 units × X mL = 1,200 units × 500 mL.
- Simplifying this gives us: 25,000X = 600,000.
- Dividing both sides by 25,000 gives us: X = 600,000 ÷ 25,000.
- Calculating the division gives us: X = 24.
Set the IV pump to deliver 24 mL/hr to administer the required dose of 1,200 units/hr.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: A distended bladder is a common cause of autonomic dysreflexia. It can trigger an exaggerated response from the autonomic nervous system, leading to a rapid increase in blood pressure. This is because the full bladder sends signals to the spinal cord, which then attempts to send signals to the brain. However, due to the injury, these signals cannot pass through, resulting in a reflex that increases blood pressure.
Choice B reason: While a severe headache is a symptom of autonomic dysreflexia, it is not a cause. The headache results from the body's response to a triggering stimulus, such as a distended bladder, which leads to the high blood pressure characteristic of autonomic dysreflexia.
Choice C reason: Nasal congestion is not typically a cause of autonomic dysreflexia. The condition is usually triggered by a noxious stimulus below the level of the spinal cord injury, such as a full bladder or bowel, skin irritation, or other types of physical discomfort.
Choice D reason: Elevated blood pressure is a symptom, not a cause, of autonomic dysreflexia. The condition itself causes a sudden spike in blood pressure due to an uncontrolled reflex sympathetic discharge in response to a triggering stimulus below the level of the injury.
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