The healthcare provider (HCP) prescribes dopamine 2 mcg/kg/min IV for client who weighs 60 kg. The IV bag contains "Dopamine 400 mg in dextrose 5% in water (DW) 500 mL." The nurse should program the infusion pump to deliver how many mL/hour? (Enter numerical value only.)
The Correct Answer is ["9"]
Calculation:
Calculate the dopamine dose in mcg/min:
Dose = 2 mcg/kg/min
Weight = 60 kg
Dose per minute = 2 mcg/kg/min × 60 kg
= 120 mcg/min
Calculate the dopamine dose in mcg/hour:
Dose per hour = 120 mcg/min × 60 min/hour
= 7200 mcg/hour
Convert mcg to mg:
Dose per hour = 7200 mcg/hour / 1000 mcg/mg
= 7.2 mg/hour
Calculate the concentration of dopamine in the IV bag:
Dopamine: 400 mg
Solution: 500 mL
Concentration = 400 mg / 500 mL
= 0.8 mg/mL
Calculate the infusion rate in mL/hour:
Dose per hour: 7.2 mg/hour
Concentration: 0.8 mg/mL
Infusion rate = 7.2 mg/hour / 0.8 mg/mL
= 9 mL/hour
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Heparin is infused in less than four hours. The heparinized solution used in an intra-arterial (IA) pressure infuser is not intended for systemic anticoagulation but rather to maintain catheter patency. The infusion rate is typically slow and continuous, and completing the infusion in less than four hours is not an indicator of effectiveness.
B. Systolic blood pressure greater than 120 mm Hg. Heparin in an IA pressure infuser does not directly affect blood pressure. Its purpose is to prevent clot formation within the catheter, ensuring uninterrupted arterial pressure monitoring. BP readings are monitored separately and are not an indicator of heparin’s therapeutic effect.
C. No knee pain upon forced dorsiflexion. This assessment is used to evaluate deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (Homan's sign), which is not related to arterial catheter function. The low-dose heparin in the pressure infuser does not provide systemic anticoagulation, making this finding irrelevant.
D. Intra-arterial cannula remains patent. The primary purpose of heparinized flush solutions in IA lines is to prevent clot formation within the catheter and maintain patency for continuous blood pressure monitoring or arterial blood sampling. A patent arterial line confirms that the heparin infusion is achieving its intended effect.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Initiate an IV bolus of 0.9% normal saline 500 mL. The client already has elevated CVP and PAWP, which indicate fluid overload and poor cardiac function. Giving a fluid bolus would worsen pulmonary congestion, edema, and respiratory distress. Fluid restriction, rather than additional IV fluids, is usually necessary in decompensated heart failure.
B. Titrate IV dopamine at 8 mcg/kg/minute. Dopamine is a vasopressor and inotropic agent that increases blood pressure and cardiac output. However, the client has an elevated blood pressure (140/50 mm Hg) and signs of fluid overload, making dopamine unnecessary. Increasing contractility could further stress the failing heart and worsen congestion.
C. Administer furosemide 40 mg IV push (IVP). Furosemide (a loop diuretic) is the best intervention for fluid overload in heart failure. Elevated CVP and PAWP suggest pulmonary congestion and excess intravascular volume, which furosemide helps relieve by reducing preload and promoting diuresis. This intervention improves breathing, reduces blood pressure, and decreases cardiac workload.
D. Encourage a liberal PO fluid intake. Clients with heart failure often require fluid restriction to prevent worsening edema and pulmonary congestion. Encouraging excessive oral fluid intake would worsen fluid overload and should be avoided.
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