The healthcare provider prescribes the anticoagulant heparin for a client with a pulmonary embolism. Before initiating the medication, the nurse should ensure that which drug is readily available in case of heparin overdose?
Warfarin.
Vitamin K.
Protamine sulfate.
Diphenhydramine HCI.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Warfarin: Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant used for long-term anticoagulation, but it is not used for reversing the effects of heparin. They are different classes of anticoagulants with distinct reversal agents.
B. Vitamin K: Vitamin K is used to reverse the effects of warfarin, not heparin.
C. Protamine sulfate: Protamine sulfate is the specific antidote for heparin overdose. It neutralizes the effects of heparin and is used to quickly reverse its anticoagulant effects in case of an overdose or excessive bleeding.
D. Diphenhydramine HCl: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine and has no role in reversing anticoagulants.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Accommodation: Mydriatic eye drops cause dilation of the pupils, but they do not directly affect the eye's ability to accommodate or focus on near objects. Therefore, accommodation may still be functional, though it can be affected indirectly due to the dilated pupils.
B. Pupillary constriction: Mydriatic eye drops are designed to dilate the pupils, so they inhibit or prevent pupillary constriction. This is the primary purpose of these drops, so pupillary constriction will not occur during their therapeutic effect.
C. Refraction: Refraction refers to the bending of light as it passes through the eye to focus on the retina. This function is generally maintained even when mydriatic drops are used, though changes in pupil size can affect the amount of light entering the eye.
D. Eye convergence: Convergence involves the inward movement of both eyes toward each other to maintain single binocular vision when focusing on a close object. While mydriatic drops primarily affect pupil dilation, convergence can still occur, though it may be affected by the degree of dilation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Mix the capsule granules with water: Lansoprazole capsules contain granules that are typically not intended to be crushed or chewed. The appropriate method for administering these granules via an NGT is to mix them with water to ensure they are delivered properly. This approach aligns with the medication’s guidelines for administration through a tube.
B. Request the pharmacist to provide tablets: While tablets might be a suitable alternative, it is not the immediate action required if the client already has capsules. The focus should be on appropriately administering the prescribed form.
C. Open the capsule to crush the granules: Crushing or opening capsules is generally not recommended unless specifically instructed by the manufacturer or pharmacist. This can alter the drug’s effectiveness and release properties.
D. Sprinkle the granules in applesauce: Lansoprazole granules are not meant to be mixed with food like applesauce. They should be mixed with water to ensure proper dissolution and administration.
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