The healthcare provider prescribes the anticoagulant heparin for a client with a pulmonary embolism. Before initiating the medication, the nurse should ensure that which drug is readily available in case of heparin overdose?
Warfarin.
Vitamin K.
Protamine sulfate.
Diphenhydramine HCI.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Warfarin: Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant used for long-term anticoagulation, but it is not used for reversing the effects of heparin. They are different classes of anticoagulants with distinct reversal agents.
B. Vitamin K: Vitamin K is used to reverse the effects of warfarin, not heparin.
C. Protamine sulfate: Protamine sulfate is the specific antidote for heparin overdose. It neutralizes the effects of heparin and is used to quickly reverse its anticoagulant effects in case of an overdose or excessive bleeding.
D. Diphenhydramine HCl: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine and has no role in reversing anticoagulants.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Affirm the decision to use the medication when the symptoms start to worsen: Waiting to start rivastigmine until symptoms worsen may not be the best approach, as early intervention can be more beneficial in managing symptoms and slowing disease progression.
B. Assess the client’s current mental status before deciding to support the decision: While assessing the client's mental status is important, the immediate concern is to educate on the timing of medication use rather than evaluating the current state of the client.
C. Confirm that the daughter is aware of the progressive nature of the disease: It is important for the daughter to understand the progressive nature of Alzheimer's disease, but this does not directly address the timing for starting rivastigmine.
D. Explain that the drug should be used early in the course of the disease process: Rivastigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, is most effective when started early in the course of Alzheimer's disease. Early use can help manage symptoms more effectively and potentially delay progression.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Expresses that they cannot get enough air to breathe: While this is concerning, it is less specific than a respiratory rate finding for opioid overdose.
B. Respiratory rate of 7 breaths/minute: This indicates severe respiratory depression, a critical sign of opioid overdose, which necessitates immediate administration of naloxone.
C. Intercostal retractions and bilateral wheezing on auscultation: These signs suggest respiratory distress but do not directly indicate an opioid overdose.
D. Pulse oximeter reading of 89% on room air: While low, this reading does not specifically indicate opioid overdose unless accompanied by respiratory depression.
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