The hormones known as "catecholamines" (adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine) are not lipid-soluble. Therefore their receptor sites are:
On the inside of the plasma membrane
On the outside of the plasma membrane
in the cell cytoplasm
in the cell nucleus
The Correct Answer is B
a) On the inside of the plasma membrane: Catecholamines cannot cross the lipid bilayer, so they cannot bind to internal membrane receptors.
b) On the outside of the plasma membrane: Because catecholamines are water-soluble, they bind to extracellular receptors that initiate a second messenger cascade (e.g., cAMP).
c) In the cell cytoplasm: Only lipid-soluble hormones, like steroids, bind to intracellular receptors.
d) In the cell nucleus: Again, only lipid-soluble hormones (like thyroid hormones or steroids) reach nuclear receptors.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a) Lumen of follicle: Iodide is actively transported into follicular cells, then secreted into the follicular lumen, where it becomes oxidized and incorporated into thyroglobulin during the synthesis of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4).
b) Secretory vesicles inside follicular cells: These vesicles may contain thyroglobulin, but iodide is concentrated in the lumen for hormone synthesis.
c) Golgi apparatus of parafollicular cells: Parafollicular (C) cells produce calcitonin, not thyroid hormones.
d) Cytoplasm of follicular cells: While iodide is transported into the cytoplasm briefly, its major functional location is in the lumen.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a) Hemoglobin: Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying protein inside RBCs, measured in grams per deciliter.
b) Hematocrit: Hematocrit is the percentage of whole blood volume made up by red blood cells (RBCs). It's used to assess anemia or polycythemia.
c) Erythropoietin: This is a hormone (mostly from the kidneys) that stimulates RBC production in the bone marrow.
d) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate: This test measures how quickly RBCs settle in a test tube, used as a nonspecific marker for inflammation.
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