The hormones known as "catecholamines" (adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine) are not lipid-soluble. Therefore their receptor sites are:
On the inside of the plasma membrane
On the outside of the plasma membrane
in the cell cytoplasm
in the cell nucleus
The Correct Answer is B
a) On the inside of the plasma membrane: Catecholamines cannot cross the lipid bilayer, so they cannot bind to internal membrane receptors.
b) On the outside of the plasma membrane: Because catecholamines are water-soluble, they bind to extracellular receptors that initiate a second messenger cascade (e.g., cAMP).
c) In the cell cytoplasm: Only lipid-soluble hormones, like steroids, bind to intracellular receptors.
d) In the cell nucleus: Again, only lipid-soluble hormones (like thyroid hormones or steroids) reach nuclear receptors.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
a) Hepatic portal system: This carries blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver, not the brain.
b) Coronary circulatory system: This system supplies the heart muscle, not involved in hormone transport from hypothalamus.
c) hypophyseal portal system: The hypophyseal portal system is a specialized vascular system that transports releasing and inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary.
d) Hypothalamus-hypophysial tract: This is a neural pathway used to transport ADH and oxytocin to the posterior pituitary, not the anterior.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a) Is the vascular connection between the anterior pituitary and the hypothalamus: This describes the hypophyseal portal system, not the tract.
b) Is the neural connection between the hypothalamus and the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary): The hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract consists of axons that transport oxytocin and ADH from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary for storage and release.
c) Conducts aldosterone to the hypophysis: Aldosterone is produced by the adrenal cortex and is not transported by this tract.
d) Is the site of prolactin synthesis: Prolactin is synthesized in the anterior pituitary, not in the hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract.
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