The nurse is aware that labor and birth will most likely proceed normally when the fetal position is:

Occiput anterior.

Occiput posterior.

Mentum posterior.

Occiput transverse.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
The occiput anterior position is optimal for labor and birth due to the fetal head's alignment with the maternal pelvis, reducing resistance and facilitating descent through the birth canal.
Choice B rationale
The occiput posterior position can lead to prolonged labor and increased discomfort because the fetal head does not align with the maternal pelvis as effectively as in the anterior position.
Choice C rationale
The mentum posterior position is uncommon and often requires medical intervention, as the chin-first presentation can obstruct labor progression and prevent the fetus from passing through the birth canal.
Choice D rationale
The occiput transverse position may result in a difficult labor due to the fetal head being oriented sideways, hindering descent and potentially necessitating medical assistance or operative delivery.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Uterine contractions (powers) are essential for cervical dilation and fetal descent. They are involuntary smooth muscle contractions regulated by oxytocin and prostaglandins.
Choice B rationale
The fetus (passenger) significantly influences labor progression. Fetal size, position, and presentation affect the ease of passage through the birth canal.
Choice C rationale
Pressure is not considered one of the five Ps affecting labor and birth. The five Ps are powers, passenger, passageway, position, and psychological response.
Choice D rationale
The birth canal (passageway) includes the bony pelvis and soft tissues, which must adapt to allow the fetus to pass through during labor.

A. Because of your pregnancy, you’re not eating enough iron-rich foods. B. Because of your pregnancy, you’re developing a serious problem. C. Because of your pregnancy, you’re making more blood. D. Because of your pregnancy, you’re not making enough new blood cells.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While iron-rich foods are important, the decrease in hematocrit is primarily due to hemodilution rather than inadequate iron intake. Hemodilution occurs as plasma volume increases more than red cell mass.
Choice B rationale
Hematocrit changes in pregnancy are typically not indicative of a serious problem but a normal physiological adaptation. Hemodilution reduces hematocrit without indicating a pathological condition.
Choice C rationale
During pregnancy, plasma volume increases by approximately 50%, while red cell mass increases by about 30%, leading to hemodilution. This physiological change results in a lower hematocrit value.
Choice D rationale
Although hematocrit decreases due to hemodilution, it does not mean that there is a deficiency in red blood cell production. It reflects the dilution effect of increased plasma volume during pregnancy.

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The nurse is aware that labor and birth will most likely proceed normally when the fetal position is:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The factors that affect the process of labor and birth, known commonly as the five Ps, include all except:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A pregnant client at 22 weeks’ gestation has a hematocrit of 35%. Pre-pregnancy hematocrit was 40%. Which of the following statements by the nurse best explains this change?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A woman at 40 weeks gestation calls the labor unit to see whether or not she should go to the hospital to be evaluated. Which of the following statements by the woman indicates that she is probably in labor and should proceed to the hospital?

With regard to weight gain during pregnancy, the nurse should be aware of which important information?

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