The mother of a 2-year-old toddler is concerned about the upcoming placement of tympanostomy tubes in her son's ears. The nurse would include which of these statements in the teaching plan?

A. XI: Cranial nerve XI, also known as the accessory nerve, is responsible for innervating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, which are involved in shoulder and head movement. It does not play a role in tongue movement.

B. V: Cranial nerve V, the trigeminal nerve, is responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing. While it is important for overall oral sensation, it does not control tongue movement.

C. XII: Cranial nerve XII, the hypoglossal nerve, is responsible for motor control of the tongue muscles. When the patient sticks out their tongue, the nurse can assess the function of this nerve by observing the tongue's position, movement, and any signs of weakness or atrophy, which can indicate nerve damage.

D. VII: Cranial nerve VII, the facial nerve, is responsible for the muscles of facial expression and taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. Although it contributes to some oral functions, it is not directly involved in the movement of the tongue itself.

A. Aorta- right atrium-right ventricle-lungs-pulmonary vein→ left atrium→ left ventricle→ vena cava: This sequence is incorrect because blood does not flow from the aorta to the right atrium; rather, the aorta carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body. The vena cava brings deoxygenated blood into the right atrium.

B. Vena cava-right atrium-right ventricle-lungs-pulmonary artery-left atrium-left ventricle: This sequence is incorrect because the blood does not flow from the lungs directly into the left atrium via the pulmonary artery; instead, blood from the lungs returns to the left atrium via the pulmonary veins.

C. Right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary vein → lungs → pulmonary artery → left atrium → left ventricle: This sequence is incorrect because the pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium, not to the right ventricle.

D. Right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lungs → pulmonary vein → left atrium → left ventricle: This is the correct sequence of blood flow through the heart. Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle, then to the pulmonary artery, which carries it to the lungs for oxygenation. After oxygenation, blood returns to the left atrium via the pulmonary veins and then flows into the left ventricle before being pumped out to the body through the aorta.