The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?

Increases insulin release from the pancreas, inhibits glucagon secretion, and decreases gastric emptying.

Reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity.

Slows the absorption of carbohydrate in the small intestine.

Increases insulin production from the pancreas.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale: Metformin does not significantly affect insulin release from the pancreas or glucagon secretion but reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity in tissues.

Choice B rationale: Metformin primarily works by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving the body's response to insulin, thereby lowering blood sugar levels.

Choice C rationale: Metformin does not notably slow carbohydrate absorption in the small intestine.

Choice D rationale: Metformin does not directly increase insulin production from the pancreas.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: The correct answer is 5 units/hour. To calculate the units of insulin per hour, we need to use the following formula: units of insulin per hour = (units of insulin in the bag / volume of the bag) x infusion rate

Plugging in the given values, we get:

units of insulin per hour = (50 / 100) x 10 units of insulin per hour = 0.5 x 10

units of insulin per hour = 5

Therefore, the client is receiving 5 units of insulin every hour.

Choice B rationale: This is incorrect because it assumes that the infusion rate is equal to the units of insulin per hour, which is not true.

Choice C rationale: This is incorrect because it multiplies the units of insulin in the bag by the infusion rate, which is too high.

Choice D rationale: This is incorrect because it adds the units of insulin in the bag and the infusion rate, which is also too high.

A. Post a sign at the bedside warning against venipunctures or blood pressures in the left arm. B. Obtain a permanent breast prosthesis before the patient is discharged from the hospital. C. Teach the patient to use the ordered patient-controlled analgesia every 10 minutes. D. Insist that the patient examine the surgical incision when the initial dressings are removed.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Post-surgery, there's a risk of lymphedema in the affected arm, so avoiding procedures like venipuncture or blood pressure measurements in the left arm helps prevent complications.

Choice B rationale: Obtaining a permanent breast prosthesis is a consideration post- recovery but not an immediate priority upon return to the surgical unit.

Choice C rationale: Patient-controlled analgesia instructions are important but don't specifically address immediate care after mastectomy.

Choice D rationale: Insisting that the patient examine the surgical incision might not be appropriate upon return to the unit, and it's typically done by healthcare professionals during dressing changes.

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The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is receiving 10 mL/hr of a prescribed regular insulin infusion. The label on the bag reads 50 units of regular insulin in 100 mL of 0.9% saline. How many units of insulin is the client receiving every hour? Fill in the blank. Round your answer to the nearest whole number.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which nursing action should be included in the plan of care for a patient returning to the surgical unit after a left modified radical mastectomy with dissection of axillary lymph nodes?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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