The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?

Increases insulin release from the pancreas, inhibits glucagon secretion, and decreases gastric emptying.

Reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity.

Slows the absorption of carbohydrate in the small intestine.

Increases insulin production from the pancreas.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale: Metformin does not significantly affect insulin release from the pancreas or glucagon secretion but reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity in tissues.

Choice B rationale: Metformin primarily works by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving the body's response to insulin, thereby lowering blood sugar levels.

Choice C rationale: Metformin does not notably slow carbohydrate absorption in the small intestine.

Choice D rationale: Metformin does not directly increase insulin production from the pancreas.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale: An increase in serum lipid levels is associated with nephrotic syndrome, not recovery.

Choice B rationale: A decrease in blood pressure to normal might be beneficial but is not a definitive indicator of recovery from nephrotic syndrome.

Choice C rationale: Gain in body weight can occur due to fluid retention, which is a symptom of nephrotic syndrome, and doesn't indicate recovery.

Choice D rationale: The disappearance of protein from the urine is a sign of recovery in nephrotic syndrome.

A. Depressed fracture B. Basilar skull fracture C. Linear fracture D. Frontal fossa fracture

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Often results from direct trauma to the skull, but not typically associated with CSF leakage or raccoon eyes.

Choice B rationale: Basilar skull fractures, particularly involving the anterior or middle fossa, can lead to CSF leakage from the nose (rhinorrhea) and periorbital ecchymosis (raccoon eyes).

Choice C rationale: A simple fracture line without displacement, less likely to cause CSF leakage and raccoon eyes.

Choice D rationale: Less commonly associated with CSF leakage and periorbital ecchymosis compared to basilar skull fractures.

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The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What change indicates recovery in a patient with nephrotic syndrome?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

While reviewing the clinical history of a client with brain injury, the nurse finds that there is a periorbital ecchymosis, which is referred to as raccoon eyes. The client also has leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the nose. Which fracture should the nurse suspect in the client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

You are working in a Family Practice office. A patient comes into the office with right facial drooping. The physician makes a diagnosis of Bell's palsy. You know that the primary treatment for this disease is likely to include:

A client comes to the outpatient department complaining of vaginal discharge, dysuria, and genital irritation. Suspecting a sexually transmitted disease (STD), Dr. Smith orders diagnostic tests of the vaginal discharge. Which STD must be reported to the public health department?

Which client should receive the pictured examination first?

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