The nurse calculates the body mass index (BMI) for an adult client who is obese. Which additional assessment finding places the client at high risk for cardiac disease?
High serum insulin level.
Hyperpigmentation on neck skin folds.
Poor muscle tone.
large waist circumference with central fat.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: While high serum insulin levels can be indicative of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, they are not as directly related to cardiac risk as large waist circumference.
Choice B reason: Hyperpigmentation on neck skin folds, also known as acanthosis nigricans, can indicate insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome but is not as strong a predictor of cardiac disease as central obesity.
Choice C reason: Poor muscle tone is not a direct indicator of cardiac disease risk. It can be associated with overall health and fitness but is not as specific a risk factor for cardiac disease.
Choice D reason: Large waist circumference with central fat, also known as abdominal obesity, is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Central fat is associated with increased risk of heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes, making it a significant indicator to monitor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Applying drying agents on draining lesions every day is not recommended for clients with SLE. This approach can lead to excessive dryness and irritation of the skin, which can worsen the condition and cause additional discomfort. Moisturizing and protecting the skin are more appropriate measures.
Choice B reason: While avoiding contact with others can help prevent the spread of infections, it is not the most important aspect of skin care for SLE. SLE is an autoimmune condition, and managing skin care focuses more on protecting the skin from external triggers and minimizing inflammation.
Choice C reason: Tanning booths are not safe for clients with SLE. Exposure to UV light, whether from the sun or artificial sources, can exacerbate SLE symptoms and trigger flares. Therefore, it is important to avoid both direct sunlight and tanning booths.
Choice D reason: Using a very strong sunblock when out in the sun is crucial for clients with SLE. Sun exposure can worsen skin lesions and trigger flares, so it is essential to protect the skin with a high SPF sunblock, wear protective clothing, and seek shade whenever possible.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Jugular vein distention is more commonly associated with right ventricular heart failure, as it indicates increased central venous pressure.
Choice B reason: Bilateral basilar crackles are a hallmark sign of left ventricular heart failure. They occur due to pulmonary congestion and enema, resulting from the left ventricle's inability to effectively pump blood out to the body, causing fluid to back up into the lungs.
Choice C reason: 3+ pitting enema in the ankles is more characteristic of right ventricular heart failure, where fluid accumulates in the peripheral tissues.
Choice D reason: Hepatomegaly with right upper quadrant (RUQ) tenderness is also more indicative of right ventricular heart failure, as it reflects congestion in the liver due to increased venous pressure.
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