The nurse calculates the body mass index (BMI) for an adult client who is obese. Which additional assessment finding places the client at high risk for cardiac disease?
High serum insulin level.
Hyperpigmentation on neck skin folds.
Poor muscle tone.
large waist circumference with central fat.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: While high serum insulin levels can be indicative of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, they are not as directly related to cardiac risk as large waist circumference.
Choice B reason: Hyperpigmentation on neck skin folds, also known as acanthosis nigricans, can indicate insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome but is not as strong a predictor of cardiac disease as central obesity.
Choice C reason: Poor muscle tone is not a direct indicator of cardiac disease risk. It can be associated with overall health and fitness but is not as specific a risk factor for cardiac disease.
Choice D reason: Large waist circumference with central fat, also known as abdominal obesity, is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Central fat is associated with increased risk of heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes, making it a significant indicator to monitor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Drawing air in through the nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips is a technique known as pursed-lip breathing. This method helps improve gas exchange by keeping the airways open longer during exhalation, which aids in the removal of trapped air and reduces dyspneal.
Choice B reason: Increasing the breathing rate for a full 30 seconds is not recommended for clients with emphysema. Rapid breathing can lead to hyperventilation and increased work of breathing, which can exacerbate dyspneal.
Choice C reason: Raising hands above the head to expand the diaphragm might help in some situations, but it is not as effective as pursed-lip breathing for improving gas exchange and reducing dyspneal in clients with emphysema.
Choice D reason: Laying down on each side with knees bent and breathing from the abdomen is a relaxation technique that can help some clients, but it does not specifically address the need for improved gas exchange during episodes of dyspneal.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Calling the postanesthetic care unit (PACU) nurse to prepare for prolonged ventilatory support is important in certain situations. However, in this case, the client's immediate concern is the extremely high temperature, which needs to be addressed urgently.
Choice B reason: Determining if prescribed antibiotics were administered preoperatively is a standard procedure, but it is not relevant to the acute situation of muscle rigidity and extremely high temperature caused by succinylcholine. The nurse should focus on immediate cooling measures.
Choice C reason: Holding a prescription for dantrolene until the fever is reduced is not appropriate. Dantrolene is actually used to treat malignant hyperthermia, which is characterized by muscle rigidity and a high temperature. It should be administered immediately in such cases.
Choice D reason: Preparing ice packs for placement in the client's axillary area is a direct and immediate action to help reduce the client's extremely high temperature. Cooling measures are crucial to manage hyperthermia and prevent further complications.
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