The nurse counsels the 30-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes who is overweight and noncompliant that control of diabetes would most improve if she were to:
eat a high-protein diet
lose weight
take insulin
take more metformin (Glucophage)
The Correct Answer is B
A. Eat a high-protein diet: A high-protein diet is not specifically recommended for improving blood glucose control in type 2 diabetes. A balanced diet with a focus on carbohydrates, fiber, and portion control is more effective for long-term management.
B. Lose weight: Weight loss is one of the most effective ways to improve blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes. It reduces insulin resistance, enhances insulin sensitivity, and leads to better overall glucose management.
C. Take insulin: Insulin is typically not the first treatment for type 2 diabetes, especially in individuals who are overweight. Lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise, are generally prioritized before moving to insulin therapy.
D. Take more metformin (Glucophage): While metformin is an important medication, weight loss through lifestyle modifications often has a more significant and lasting impact on blood sugar control than simply increasing the dosage of medication.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hypoparathyroidism: Hypoparathyroidism presents with low calcium levels and symptoms like muscle cramps, tetany, or numbness around the mouth and in the extremities. It is not associated with flushed skin, bulging eyes, or irritability.
B. Cushing's Disease: Cushing's disease is caused by excessive levels of cortisol. Symptoms include weight gain, moon face, buffalo hump, and hypertension. The findings described, such as flushed skin, bulging eyes, and irritability, are not characteristic of Cushing's disease.
C. Hypothyroidism: Hypothyroidism is associated with symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, and constipation, not flushed skin, bulging eyes, or irritability. The symptoms described are not typical of an underactive thyroid.
D. Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism (often associated with Graves' disease) presents with flushed skin, irritability, palpitations, bulging eyes (exophthalmos), and perspiration due to the overproduction of thyroid hormones.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Use sliding scale insulin to manage hypoglycemia: Sliding scale insulin is used to manage hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. Sick day management focuses on maintaining stable blood glucose levels, not using sliding scale insulin for hypoglycemia.
B. Continue taking the scheduled insulin or oral hypoglycemic agent: During illness, it is essential for clients with diabetes to continue their medication as prescribed. This helps prevent both hyperglycemia and ketosis, which can occur due to illness-induced stress.
C. Increase intake of carbohydrates for the duration of the illness: It is not necessary to increase carbohydrate intake unless the client is unable to eat enough food. It’s more important to maintain hydration and monitor blood glucose levels, adjusting insulin doses as needed.
D. Report blood glucose lower than 100 mg/dL to the health care provider: Blood glucose levels below 100 mg/dL are generally considered within normal range. During illness, clients may experience higher blood glucose levels, which are more concerning.
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