The nurse demonstrates atraumatic care for a pediatric client receiving insulin injections in this hospital for a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus with which action? The acute care nurse is caring for a pediatric client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who receives insulin injections. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates atraumatic care?

Administering the insulin injection quickly to minimize discomfort

Explaining the procedure in simple terms to the client before administering the insulin

Asking the client to look away during the injection to reduce anxiety

Using a larger needle to ensure accurate insulin delivery

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Administering the insulin injection quickly to minimize discomfort. Administering an injection quickly may reduce discomfort, but it does not address the emotional and psychological aspects of atraumatic care. The goal is to minimize fear and distress, not just physical pain.

B. Explaining the procedure in simple terms to the client before administering the insulin. Providing a clear, age-appropriate explanation helps reduce anxiety and fosters trust between the child and the nurse. Understanding what to expect allows the child to feel a sense of control, which is a key principle of atraumatic care.

C. Asking the client to look away during the injection to reduce anxiety. While looking away may help some children, it does not promote understanding or involvement in their care. Instead, explaining the procedure allows the child to develop coping strategies and feel more secure.

D. Using a larger needle to ensure accurate insulin delivery. Insulin is administered using a small-gauge needle to minimize pain. A larger needle is unnecessary and could increase discomfort, contradicting the principles of atraumatic care.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "You must breastfeed to give the baby the best nutrients." While breastfeeding provides essential nutrients, it is not recommended for mothers with HIV due to the risk of viral transmission through breast milk, even if the mother is on antiretroviral therapy.

B. "Breastfeeding is not recommended because of the high risk of transmission." HIV can be transmitted through breast milk, and health organizations, including the WHO and CDC, advise against breastfeeding if safe alternatives, such as formula feeding, are available. Formula feeding is the preferred method in high-resource settings.

C. "Pumped breastmilk may be given to your child." Pumping does not eliminate HIV from breast milk. The virus remains present, posing the same transmission risk as direct breastfeeding.

D. "You should sterilize your pumped breastmilk prior to feeding." There is no reliable method for sterilizing breast milk at home that effectively eliminates HIV without destroying its nutritional value. Instead, formula feeding or donor milk from screened sources is recommended.

A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt B. Trust vs. Mistrust C. Initiative vs. Guilt D. Industry vs. Inferiority

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt. This stage (ages 1–3 years) is when toddlers begin to assert independence by making simple choices and attempting self-care. However, they lack the cognitive ability and motor skills to manage a suprapubic catheter independently.

B. Trust vs. Mistrust. This stage (birth to 1 year) focuses on developing trust in caregivers. Infants are entirely dependent on others for care and are not developmentally capable of learning catheter care.

C. Initiative vs. Guilt. This stage (ages 3–6 years) involves children exploring their environment and developing a sense of initiative. While they may be curious, they are not developmentally ready to take responsibility for complex self-care tasks like catheter maintenance.

D. Industry vs. Inferiority. This stage (ages 6–12 years) is when children develop a sense of competence and responsibility. They are eager to learn new skills, follow instructions, and take part in their own care, making this the appropriate stage for teaching suprapubic catheter care.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing education about nutrition for a patient who has HIV and has a newborn. Which of the following statements should the nurse provide in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has a long-term suprapubic catheter in place and is eager to learn how to care for the catheter. The nurse recognizes that a child in which of the following psychosocial developmental stages may be ready for this education?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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