The nurse identifies which host factor as the most important when choosing an antimicrobial drug?

Age

Competent immune function

Genetic heritage

Previous medication reactions.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

This is because antibiotics act synergistically with the immune system to subdue infection, and it is critical for success that the host defenses are adequate.

Choice A is wrong because Age is wrong because age is a general factor that must be considered when choosing any medication, not just antimicrobials.

Choice C is wrong because Genetic heritage is wrong because genetic heritage is also a general factor that may affect the metabolism and excretion of medications, not the selection of antimicrobials.

Choice D is wrong because Previous medication reactions is wrong because previous medication reactions are also a general factor that may indicate allergies or intolerances to certain medications, not the selection of antimicrobials.

Normal ranges for immune function vary depending on the type and level of immunity measured, such as innate, adaptive, humoral or cellular immunity. Some common tests for immune function include complete blood count (CBC), immunoglobulin levels, complement levels, antibody titers and skin tests.

Normal ranges for these tests depend on the laboratory and the method used, but some examples are:

• CBC: white blood cell count 4.5-11 x 10^9/L; neutrophils 40-75%; lymphocytes 20-50%; monocytes 2-10%; eosinophils 1-6%; basophils 0-2%.

• Immunoglobulin levels: IgG 7-16 g/L; IgA 0.7-4 g/L; IgM 0.4-2.3 g/L; IgE 0-0.4 g/L.

• Complement levels: C3 0.9-1.8 g

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The client should avoid sexual intercourse until treatment is completed.This is because trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection that can be passed between partners during penile-vaginal sex or through transmission of infected vaginal fluids or fomites among women who have sex with women. Therefore, abstaining from sex until both partners are cured can prevent reinfection and transmission.

Choice A is wrong because taking the medication with an antacid can reduce its absorption and effectiveness.Tinidazole should be taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.

Choice B is wrong because drinking plenty of fluids to prevent crystalluria is not relevant for tinidazole.

Crystalluria is a condition where crystals form in the urine, which can cause kidney stones or damage.This is a potential complication of some antibiotics, such as sulfonamides, but not tinidazole.

Choice D is wrong because chewing the tablets thoroughly before swallowing is not necessary for tinidazole.Tinidazole tablets are film-coated and can be swallowed whole with water.

Chewing the tablets may alter their release and absorption, and may also cause a bitter aftertaste.

A. Serum creatinine B. Serum potassium C. Serum calcium D. Serum glucose.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that can cause nephrotoxicity, which is damage to the kidneys.Serum creatinine is a measure of kidney function and should be monitored closely during gentamicin therapy. The normal range for serum creatinine is 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL for men and 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL for women.

Choice B is wrong because serum potassium is not affected by gentamicin.

The normal range for serum potassium is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.

Choice C is wrong because serum calcium is not affected by gentamicin.

The normal range for serum calcium is 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL.

Choice D is wrong because serum glucose is not affected by gentamicin.

The normal range for serum glucose is 70 to 110 mg/dL.

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The nurse identifies which host factor as the most important when choosing an antimicrobial drug?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has trichomoniasis and is prescribed tinidazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving gentamicin IV for treatment of endocarditis caused by gram-negative bacteria. Which laboratory value should be monitored closely during gentamicin therapy?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client who has a fungal infection and is receiving itraconazole therapy. Which of the following findings should alert the nurse to a potential adverse effect of this medication?

A nurse is educating a group of travelers who are going to a region where malaria is endemic. Which of the following antimalarial drugs should the nurse recommend for prophylaxis? (Select all that apply.).

A nurse is teaching a client who has been prescribed tetracycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, for acne vulgaris. Which of these instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Which statement is true regarding antimicrobial stewardship?

A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about the prescribed drug regimen, which includes isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. The nurse should instruct the client to report which signs or symptoms as possible adverse effects of these drugs? (Select all that apply.)

A patient has been prescribed azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, for a respiratory infection. The nurse should instruct the patient to report which of the following signs or symptoms of a potential adverse effect?

A nurse is caring for a client who has a severe infection and is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations of ototoxicity?

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, for a severe infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which adverse effects of this drug? (Select all that apply.)