A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is prescribed rifampin, an antitubercular drug. The nurse should instruct the client about which potential side effect of rifampin?

Red-orange discoloration of body fluids

Metallic taste in mouth

Photosensitivity reaction

Ototoxicity.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The nurse should instruct the client about this possibility and reassure them that it is harmless and will disappear when the medication is discontinued.

Choice B is wrong because metallic taste in mouth is not a side effect of rifampin, but of metronidazole, an antibiotic used to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria or protozoa.

Choice C is wrong because photosensitivity reaction is not a side effect of rifampin, but of tetracycline, an antibiotic used to treat acne and other infections.

Choice D is wrong because ototoxicity is not a side effect of rifampin, but of aminoglycosides, a class of antibiotics used to treat serious infections caused by gram-negative bacteria.

Ototoxicity can cause hearing loss or balance problems.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A is wrong because azithromycin (Zithromax) should be takenwith foodto prevent stomach upset.

Choice B is correct because azithromycin can causeliver damageand the client should report any signs ofjaundiceordark urineas they may indicate liver problems.

Choice C is correct because azithromycin can interact withgrapefruit juiceand increase the risk ofside effectssuch as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache and QT interval prolongation.

Choice D is correct because the client shouldcomplete the full course of therapyas prescribed to prevent bacterial resistance and recurrence of infection.

Choice E is wrong because azithromycin should be stored in arefrigeratorand discarded after 10 days if it is in a liquid form.

A. Monitor the client’s serum creatinine level B. Monitor the client’s serum vancomycin level C. Infuse the drug over at least 60 minutes D. Observe the client

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Here is why:

• Choice A:Monitor the client’s serum creatinine level.

This is correct because vancomycin can cause nephrotoxicity (damage to the kidneys) and serum creatinine is a marker of kidney function.A high serum creatinine level indicates impaired kidney function and may require dose adjustment or discontinuation of vancomycin.

• Choice B:Monitor the client’s serum vancomycin level.

This is correct because vancomycin has a narrow therapeutic range, meaning that there is a small difference between the effective dose and the toxic dose.Monitoring the serum vancomycin level can help to ensure that the drug is within the therapeutic range and avoid toxicity or suboptimal efficacy.

• Choice C:Infuse the drug over at least 60 minutes.

This is correct because vancomycin can cause a hypersensitivity reaction called “red man syndrome” or “red neck syndrome”, which is characterized by flushing, itching, rash, hypotension and tachycardia.

This reaction is not an allergy but a result of histamine release due to rapid infusion of vancomycin.Infusing the drug over at least 60 minutes can reduce the risk of this reaction.

• Choice D:Observe the client for signs of ototoxicity.

This is incorrect because vancomycin is not known to cause ototoxicity (damage to the ears) in humans.Ototoxicity has been reported in animal studies and in vitro studies, but not in clinical trials or case reports involving humans.

Therefore, there is no need to monitor for signs of ototoxicity such as hearing loss, tinnitus or vertigo.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is prescribed rifampin, an antitubercular drug. The nurse should instruct the client about which potential side effect of rifampin?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a client who has a respiratory infection and a new prescription for azithromycin (Zithromax). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply).

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic, to a client with a severe infection caused by Clostridium difficile. The nurse should select all that apply:

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer ceftriaxone (Rocephin) to a client who has pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The nurse should recognize that ceftriaxone belongs to which generation of cephalosporins?

Which statement is true regarding antimicrobial stewardship?

Which of the following antiviral medications prevents viral fusion with host cell membrane?

The nurse identifies which host factor as the most important when choosing an antimicrobial drug?

A nurse is administering tetracycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, to a patient who has acne vulgaris. The nurse should monitor the patient for which of the following adverse effects of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient who will be taking oral linezolid (Zyvox) to treat a complicated skin infection caused by vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, for a severe infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which adverse effects of this drug? (Select all that apply.)

Which term is used to describe an agent that inhibits bacterial growth but does not kill bacteria?