A nurse is administering penicillin to a client who has streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effect of penicillin therapy?

Hypokalemia

Hyperglycemia

Anaphylaxis

Constipation.

Elevated platelet count.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Penicillin is one of the most common causes of anaphylaxis. Symptoms of anaphylaxis include difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, throat, or tongue, hives, itching, low blood pressure, and shock.

Choice A is wrong because hypokalemia (low potassium levels in the blood) is not a common or serious side effect of penicillin therapy. Hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness, cramps, irregular heartbeat, and fatigue.

Choice B is wrong because hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels) is not a common or serious side effect of penicillin therapy. Hyperglycemia can cause thirst, frequent urination, blurred vision, and headaches.

Choice D is wrong because constipation is not a common or serious side effect of penicillin therapy. Constipation can cause abdominal pain, bloating, and difficulty passing stools.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Inappropriate antibiotic use leads to the emergence of resistance.This is a well-established fact that is supported by the CDC and other organizations.Resistance can occur when antibiotics are used unnecessarily, excessively, or incorrectly, and can lead to infections that are harder to treat and more costly.

Choice A is wrong because antibiotic guidelines in critical care do not necessarily reduce the hospital length of stay.Although some studies have suggested that adherence to pneumonia guidelines may improve outcomes in severe pneumonia, other studies have found no significant effect of antibiotic stewardship on hospital length of stay or mortality in critically ill patients.

Therefore, this statement is not universally true.

Choice C is wrong because antibiotic dosing has a significant effect on antimicrobial resistance.Optimal dosing of antibiotics can help eradicate infections, prevent relapse, and minimize the selection of resistant bacteria.Conversely, suboptimal dosing can lead to treatment failure, prolonged infection, and increased resistance.

Therefore, antibiotic dosing should be carefully adjusted according to the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug and the patient.

Choice D is wrong because an antibiotic stewardship programme leads to a decrease in antimicrobial resistance, not an increase.An antibiotic stewardship programme is a coordinated effort to improve and measure the appropriate use of antibiotics by promoting the selection of the optimal drug regimen, dose, duration, and route of administration.Such programmes have been shown to reduce antibiotic consumption, resistance rates, adverse events, and costs in various settings.

Therefore, this statement is false.

A. Age B. Competent immune function C. Genetic heritage D. Previous medication reactions.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This is because antibiotics act synergistically with the immune system to subdue infection, and it is critical for success that the host defenses are adequate.

Choice A is wrong becauseAge is wrong because age is a general factor that must be considered when choosing any medication, not just antimicrobials.

Choice C is wrong becauseGenetic heritage is wrong because genetic heritage is also a general factor that may affect the metabolism and excretion of medications, not the selection of antimicrobials.

Choice D is wrong becausePrevious medication reactions is wrong because previous medication reactions are also a general factor that may indicate allergies or intolerances to certain medications, not the selection of antimicrobials.

Normal ranges for immune function vary depending on the type and level of immunity measured, such as innate, adaptive, humoral or cellular immunity.Some common tests for immune function include complete blood count (CBC), immunoglobulin levels, complement levels, antibody titers and skin tests.

Normal ranges for these tests depend on the laboratory and the method used, but some examples are:

• CBC: white blood cell count 4.5-11 x 10^9/L; neutrophils 40-75%; lymphocytes 20-50%; monocytes 2-10%; eosinophils 1-6%; basophils 0-2%.

• Immunoglobulin levels: IgG 7-16 g/L; IgA 0.7-4 g/L; IgM 0.4-2.3 g/L; IgE 0-0.4 g/L.

• Complement levels: C3 0.9-1.8 g

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A nurse is administering penicillin to a client who has streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effect of penicillin therapy?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which statement is true regarding antimicrobial stewardship?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse identifies which host factor as the most important when choosing an antimicrobial drug?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient has been prescribed azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, for a respiratory infection. The nurse should instruct the patient to report which of the following signs or symptoms of a potential adverse effect?

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A nurse is administering penicillin to a client who has streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effect of penicillin therapy?

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