A client comes into the emergency room with complaints of persistent, crushing chest pain. Along with the chief complaint, what other symptoms would make the nurse suspect that the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Intermittent claudication with pallor

Jugular vein distention and dependent edema

Mid-epigastric pain and heartburn

Diaphoresis and cool clammy skin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Intermittent claudication with pallor is typically associated with peripheral artery disease (PAD) rather than myocardial infarction.
B. Jugular vein distention and dependent edema are signs of right-sided heart failure, which may develop after an MI but are not classic acute MI symptoms.
C. Mid-epigastric pain and heartburn can sometimes be confused with MI symptoms, but heartburn alone is not diagnostic of an MI.
D. Diaphoresis and cool clammy skin are correct. These symptoms occur due to sympathetic nervous system activation in response to cardiac ischemia, leading to vasoconstriction, sweating, and signs of impending shock.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Weight gain is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure due to fluid retention and peripheral edema, not left-sided heart failure.
B. Shortness of breath (dyspnea) is correct. Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion, leading to dyspnea, orthopnea, and pulmonary edema as blood backs up into the lungs.
C. Pulmonary embolism is not a direct manifestation of left-sided heart failure. While heart failure increases the risk of clot formation, a pulmonary embolism is a separate condition.
D. Anorexia is more common in right-sided heart failure, as systemic venous congestion can lead to gastrointestinal edema and poor appetite.

A. Annual Influenza immunization B. Regular moderate exercise C. Smoking cessation D. Maintenance of ideal weight

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Annual Influenza immunization is important for individuals with chronic bronchitis but does not directly prevent the disorder from occurring. It helps reduce respiratory infections, which can exacerbate symptoms.
B. Regular moderate exercise improves overall lung function but does not specifically prevent chronic bronchitis.
C. Smoking cessation is the most effective measure in preventing chronic bronchitis. Chronic bronchitis is strongly linked to long-term cigarette smoking, which causes inflammation and excessive mucus production in the airways.
D. Maintenance of ideal weight supports overall health but is not a primary factor in preventing chronic bronchitis.

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A client comes into the emergency room with complaints of persistent, crushing chest pain. Along with the chief complaint, what other symptoms would make the nurse suspect that the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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