The nurse is administering captopril to a client with a diagnosis of heart failure. What type of medication does the nurse infer the client is taking?
An angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)
A calcium channel blocker
An angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE) inhibitor
A thiazide diuretic
The Correct Answer is C
A. An angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB): ARBs, such as losartan or valsartan, block the angiotensin II receptor but are pharmacologically distinct from ACE inhibitors. Captopril is not classified in this drug group.
B. A calcium channel blocker: Calcium channel blockers, such as amlodipine, reduce blood pressure by relaxing vascular smooth muscle. Captopril does not function through calcium channel modulation and is unrelated to this class.
C. An angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE) inhibitor: Captopril is an ACE inhibitor that lowers blood pressure and reduces afterload by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. It is commonly prescribed for heart failure management to improve cardiac output and prevent fluid overload.
D. A thiazide diuretic: Thiazide diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide promote sodium and water excretion. They help manage hypertension but work differently from captopril, which targets the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Industrial pollutants: Exposure to chemicals like asbestos, wood dust, and other occupational irritants increases the risk of laryngeal cancer. Workers in industrial settings may inhale carcinogens that affect the larynx.
B. Region of country lived in: Geographic region is not a direct risk factor for laryngeal cancer. While environmental exposures vary by region, the location itself does not independently increase risk without other contributing factors.
C. Alcohol: Chronic alcohol use is a well-known risk factor for laryngeal cancer. When combined with tobacco use, the risk significantly increases due to synergistic effects on mucosal tissue.
D. Age: The risk for laryngeal cancer rises with age, especially in individuals over 55. Age-related changes in tissue and longer cumulative exposure to carcinogens contribute to higher risk.
E. Tobacco: Tobacco use, including smoking and chewing, is the most significant risk factor for laryngeal cancer. It causes direct irritation and genetic mutations in the epithelial lining of the larynx.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A grilled chicken sandwich with mayonnaise: While some sodium is present in bread and condiments, grilled chicken and mayonnaise generally contain moderate sodium levels. With portion control and low-sodium ingredients, this can fit into a restricted sodium diet.
B. A hot dog with ketchup: Hot dogs are highly processed and contain high amounts of sodium and preservatives. Ketchup adds even more sodium, making this combination unsuitable for clients on a low sodium diet.
C. A natural fruit salad with nuts: Fresh fruits are naturally low in sodium, and unsalted nuts can be included as well. This option is both heart-healthy and supportive of a low sodium dietary plan.
D. A fresh grilled tuna entrée with fresh asparagus: When prepared without canned or pre-seasoned components, fresh tuna and vegetables are low in sodium. This meal provides lean protein and nutrients without excess salt.
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