The nurse is assessing a 55-yr-old female patient with type 2 diabetes who has a body mass index (BMI) of 31 kg/m2.Which goal in the plan of care is most important for this patient?
The patient will choose a diet that distributes calories throughout the day.
The patient will reach a glycosylated hemoglobin level of less than 7%.
The patient will follow a diet and exercise plan that results in weight loss.
The patient will state the reasons for eliminating simple sugars in the diet.
The Correct Answer is B
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a measure of the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. An HbA1c level of less than 7% is associated with a reduced risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with diabetes. This is a critical goal because uncontrolled blood glucose levels can lead to complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease.
While options a, c, and d are also important in the management of diabetes, they are not as critical as achieving glycemic control. Choosing a diet that distributes calories throughout the day can help regulate blood glucose levels and prevent hypoglycemia. Following a diet and exercise plan that results in weight loss can also help improve glycemic control and reduce the risk of complications. Understanding the reasons for eliminating simple sugars in the diet is important for overall diabetes education, but it is not the most important goal in the plan of care for this patient at this time.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
b. Monitoring blood glucose levels: This is an essential nursing intervention as patients with Cushing syndrome are at risk for developing diabetes mellitus because of cortisol on glucose metabolism. The nurse should monitor the patient's blood glucose levels regularly and report any abnormal readings to the healthcare provider.
c. Protecting patients from exposure to infection: Patients with Cushing syndrome are also at risk for developing infections due to the immunosuppressive effects of cortisol. The nurse should take appropriate infection control measures, such as frequent handwashing, wearing gloves, and isolation precautions if necessary.
a. Observing for signs of hypotension: Although hypotension is not typically seen in patients with Cushing syndrome, it can occur in some cases due to the depletion of cortisol. The nurse should monitor the patient's blood pressure regularly and report any abnormal readings to the healthcare provider.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Gas pains and abdominal distention are common postoperative complications following small bowel resection. Ambulation is a simple and effective nursing intervention that can help alleviate these symptoms. Walking helps stimulate peristalsis, which can help move gas and stool through the gastrointestinal tract. It can also help prevent postoperative complications such as pneumonia and deep vein thrombosis.
Administering morphine sulfate (option A) may relieve pain, but it can also worsen constipation and abdominal distention. Promethazine (option C) is an antiemetic medication and may be helpful if the patient is experiencing nausea, but it is not the best intervention for gas pain and abdominal distention. Instilling a mineral oil retention enema (option D) may also be helpful in some cases, but it is not typically the first intervention for these symptoms and should be ordered by a healthcare provider.
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