The nurse is assessing a child with a suspected fracture.
Which finding is indicative of a complete fracture?
The bone fragments remain partially joined.
The bone fragments are separated.
The bone penetrates the skin.
The bone bends but does not break.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
This describes an incomplete fracture, where the bone's continuity is not completely disrupted. The periosteum and some bone matrix remain intact, providing some structural continuity. This type of fracture often involves a "greenstick" injury in children, where one side of the bone fractures and the other side bends.
Choice B rationale
A complete fracture involves a full break through the bone, resulting in two or more distinct bone fragments that are no longer connected. This disruption compromises the structural integrity of the bone, leading to instability and potential displacement of the fragments.
Choice C rationale
This describes an open or compound fracture, where the fractured bone fragments penetrate the skin, creating an open wound. While often a complete fracture, the defining characteristic here is the skin penetration and increased risk of infection, not just the separation of fragments.
Choice D rationale
This describes a bend deformity or an incomplete fracture, often seen in children due to the greater flexibility of their bones compared to adults. The bone's plastic deformation allows it to bend without a complete break, preserving some structural continuity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This interpretation incorrectly assigns the meaning of the numbers. In obstetric documentation, the first number represents dilation, the second effacement, and the third fetal station. Therefore, 3 cm for effacement and 30% for dilation is an inaccurate interpretation of standard labor documentation.
Choice B rationale
This is the correct interpretation. In standard obstetric documentation of a vaginal examination, the first number (3 cm) refers to cervical dilation, indicating the opening of the cervix. The second number (30%) refers to effacement, the thinning of the cervix. The third number (-1) indicates the fetal station, meaning the presenting part is 1 cm above the ischial spines.
Choice C rationale
This interpretation incorrectly assigns the meaning of the numbers for dilation and effacement. Additionally, a fetal station of -1 signifies the presenting part is 1 cm *above* the ischial spines, not below. This demonstrates a misunderstanding of both effacement/dilation order and station definition.
Choice D rationale
This interpretation misinterprets the fetal station. A station of -1 means the presenting part is 1 cm *above* the ischial spines, not below. This error in understanding fetal station is critical for assessing labor progression and fetal descent.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Phalen's Maneuver is a diagnostic test used to assess for carpal tunnel syndrome. It involves sustained wrist flexion, which increases pressure within the carpal tunnel, exacerbating median nerve compression symptoms such as tingling and numbness in the hand. This test is unrelated to spinal curvature assessment.
Choice B rationale
The Romberg Test evaluates proprioception and cerebellar function, assessing a person's ability to maintain balance with eyes closed. It helps identify neurological deficits affecting balance and coordination but does not involve direct assessment of spinal alignment or curvature, thus it is not used for scoliosis screening.
Choice C rationale
Adam's Forward Bend Test is the primary method used during scoliosis screening. It involves the individual bending forward at the waist with feet together and arms hanging loosely. This position makes any asymmetry or prominence of the ribs or spine more visible, indicating a potential spinal curvature.
Choice D rationale
Lasegue's Sign Test, also known as the Straight Leg Raise Test, is used to detect nerve root irritation, typically associated with sciatica or herniated lumbar discs. It involves passively raising the straightened leg of a supine patient to elicit pain, indicating nerve compression. This test is not for scoliosis screening.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.