The nurse is assessing a client suspected of having peripheral artery disease (PAD) in the legs.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect during the assessment?

Constant erythema and warmth in the legs.

Decreased discomfort when the legs are elevated.

Discomfort in the legs during exercise that is relieved when the client rests.

Peripheral pulses are bounding when the legs are in the dependent position.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Constant erythema and warmth in the legs are indicative of venous insufficiency due to stagnant blood flow. PAD typically presents with cool, pale extremities as a result of reduced arterial perfusion.

Choice B rationale

Discomfort typically worsens when legs are elevated in PAD because elevation further impairs blood flow, causing ischemic pain. Relief is more commonly achieved when the legs are in a dependent position, aiding perfusion.

Choice C rationale

Pain during exercise, termed intermittent claudication, occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery to muscles. Rest alleviates symptoms as oxygen demand decreases. This hallmark feature distinguishes PAD from other circulatory disorders.

Choice D rationale

Peripheral pulses in PAD are generally diminished or absent, reflecting compromised arterial blood flow. Bounding pulses would suggest conditions such as aortic regurgitation or hyperdynamic states, not PAD.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Hesitancy in starting urination occurs due to obstruction of the urethra by an enlarged prostate. It reflects the mechanical impact of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) on urinary flow and is a classic symptom of this condition.

Choice B rationale

Dribbling with urination indicates incomplete bladder emptying due to urethral compression by the enlarged prostate. It is a characteristic symptom of BPH and can lead to complications like urinary retention.

Choice C rationale

Nocturia, or frequent urination at night, is caused by incomplete bladder emptying and increased nighttime urine production. It is a common symptom of BPH that significantly affects quality of life.

Choice D rationale

A decreased urine stream results from partial urethral obstruction by the enlarged prostate, limiting the flow of urine. This symptom is a hallmark of BPH and reflects progressive narrowing of the urinary tract.

Choice E rationale

Urinary frequency is due to incomplete bladder emptying and irritative symptoms associated with BPH. Frequent voiding is common and often prompts medical evaluation for prostate enlargement.

A. I will decrease my caffeine intake down to one cup per day. B. I should drink grapefruit juice instead of orange juice in the morning. C. I will practice Kegel exercises regularly. D. I should have a fixed time schedule for going to the bathroom.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Reducing caffeine consumption decreases bladder irritation and helps manage urinary incontinence symptoms. Caffeine stimulates bladder activity and exacerbates urgency and frequency. Clinical evidence supports its reduction as part of an effective urinary incontinence management strategy.

Choice B rationale

Grapefruit juice is acidic and irritates the bladder lining, worsening symptoms of urinary incontinence. Substituting orange juice with grapefruit juice does not mitigate bladder irritation. Both contain acids and should be avoided to manage urinary incontinence effectively. Citrus juices are contraindicated in clients managing urinary incontinence.

Choice C rationale

Kegel exercises improve pelvic floor muscle strength, reducing urinary incontinence episodes. They enhance the function of the urinary sphincter and support better bladder control. Kegel exercises are widely recommended in clinical practice for patients managing urinary incontinence and are supported by robust scientific evidence.

Choice D rationale

Scheduled bathroom visits prevent bladder overdistension and manage urinary incontinence symptoms effectively. Timed voiding trains the bladder to hold urine for specific periods, reducing the frequency of urgency episodes. It is an effective behavioral approach supported by clinical guidelines for managing urinary incontinence.

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The nurse is assessing a client suspected of having peripheral artery disease (PAD) in the legs.Which of the following findings should the nurse expect during the assessment?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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The nurse is assessing a client suspected of having peripheral artery disease (PAD) in the legs.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect during the assessment?