The nurse is reviewing the prescriptions for a client with severe pain from renal colic.
Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse implement first?

Low sodium, high calorie diet.

Increase fluid intake of 3 to 4 L/day.

Tamsulosin (Flomax) 0.4 mg p.o. daily.

Morphine sulfate (Morphine) 2 mg IV every 4 hours PRN.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

A low sodium, high-calorie diet may improve overall health but does not address immediate severe pain from renal colic. Dietary modifications can have long-term benefits but are not first-line interventions for acute pain caused by kidney stones. Immediate pain relief is prioritized over dietary adjustments in this scenario.

Choice B rationale

Increasing fluid intake helps flush out kidney stones and prevent their formation. However, fluid intake does not provide immediate pain relief for renal colic. It is crucial in long-term management, but acute management prioritizes analgesics to address the client’s severe pain.

Choice C rationale

Tamsulosin relaxes the smooth muscles in the urinary tract, facilitating stone passage and reducing obstruction-related discomfort. While beneficial, it takes time to work and does not immediately relieve severe pain. It is not the first prescription to implement for acute pain management in renal colic.

Choice D rationale

Morphine sulfate is an opioid analgesic that provides rapid relief for severe pain associated with renal colic. Administering morphine addresses the acute issue and allows for further interventions to manage the underlying cause. Pain control is the priority in renal colic cases with severe pain.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, such as sildenafil, are the next step in treating erectile dysfunction after lifestyle changes fail. These medications enhance nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in the penile tissues, improving erectile function. Their efficacy, safety, and widespread availability make them the first-line pharmacological option.

Choice B rationale

Negative-pressure devices, like vacuum erection devices, mechanically increase blood flow to the penis to maintain an erection. While effective for some, they are typically considered after the failure of oral pharmacological agents, as they require significant user compliance and may cause discomfort.

Choice C rationale

Penile injections of vasodilatory agents, such as alprostadil, are effective for managing erectile dysfunction. However, these are invasive and often reserved for cases unresponsive to oral medications or mechanical devices. They are not typically the first choice after lifestyle modification.

Choice D rationale

Penis transplantation is an experimental treatment and not a standard approach to managing erectile dysfunction. Its application is limited to cases of significant penile trauma or congenital abnormalities and is not relevant for individuals without such conditions.

A. Hesitancy in starting urination. B. Dribbling with urination. C. Nocturia. D. Decreased urine stream. E. Urinary frequency.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Hesitancy in starting urination occurs due to obstruction of the urethra by an enlarged prostate. It reflects the mechanical impact of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) on urinary flow and is a classic symptom of this condition.

Choice B rationale

Dribbling with urination indicates incomplete bladder emptying due to urethral compression by the enlarged prostate. It is a characteristic symptom of BPH and can lead to complications like urinary retention.

Choice C rationale

Nocturia, or frequent urination at night, is caused by incomplete bladder emptying and increased nighttime urine production. It is a common symptom of BPH that significantly affects quality of life.

Choice D rationale

A decreased urine stream results from partial urethral obstruction by the enlarged prostate, limiting the flow of urine. This symptom is a hallmark of BPH and reflects progressive narrowing of the urinary tract.

Choice E rationale

Urinary frequency is due to incomplete bladder emptying and irritative symptoms associated with BPH. Frequent voiding is common and often prompts medical evaluation for prostate enlargement.

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The nurse is reviewing the prescriptions for a client with severe pain from renal colic.Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse implement first?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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The nurse is reviewing the prescriptions for a client with severe pain from renal colic.
Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse implement first?