The nurse is assessing a client who is 2 weeks postpartum.
The nurse would be concerned about mastitis if which of the following were noted? Select all that apply.

Choice A rationale

While a child taking candy from a dish may indicate the availability of sugary foods, it does not necessarily reflect the mother's overall efforts to provide a balanced diet. The presence of these foods could be for other family members or guests, and the child's action might not be representative of their regular dietary intake. A balanced diet incorporates multiple food groups, not just the avoidance of sugar.

Choice B rationale

Fried foods are often high in saturated fats and sodium, which can contribute to poor cardiovascular health and obesity. This choice does not demonstrate an understanding of a balanced diet, which emphasizes lean proteins, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Providing a plate of fried foods does not align with effective nutritional instruction for a toddler's healthy development.

Choice C rationale

A scrambled egg provides a high-quality source of protein, essential for tissue growth and repair, along with healthy fats and vitamins like B12 and D. This choice indicates an understanding of the need for nutrient-dense foods in a toddler's diet. It is a suitable component of a balanced breakfast, especially when combined with other food groups like fruits or whole-grain toast.

Choice D rationale

Cake and ice cream are high in sugar and saturated fats, offering minimal nutritional value. Consuming these items for lunch is inconsistent with the principles of a balanced diet, which prioritizes nutrient-dense foods from all major food groups. This observation suggests the mother has not effectively implemented the dietary instructions provided by the nurse.

Choice A rationale

Water alone does not contain the necessary electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, and chloride, which are lost during vomiting and diarrhea associated with gastroenteritis. Providing only water can worsen electrolyte imbalances and potentially lead to hyponatremia, a dangerous condition caused by an excess of water relative to sodium concentration in the body.

Choice B rationale

Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) is specifically formulated to replace the fluids and electrolytes lost during gastroenteritis. It contains a balanced mixture of carbohydrates (glucose) to facilitate sodium and water absorption and essential electrolytes to correct imbalances. This solution prevents dehydration and restores normal physiological function more effectively than other fluids.

Choice C rationale

Broth contains high levels of sodium, but it lacks other crucial electrolytes like potassium and also does not provide the necessary carbohydrates to promote rehydration. The high sodium content could also contribute to an electrolyte imbalance. It is not an optimal choice for rehydration and is less effective than a balanced ORS.

Choice D rationale

Seltzer is carbonated water and does not contain the necessary electrolytes or carbohydrates for effective rehydration. The carbonation can also cause abdominal distension and discomfort, which may worsen symptoms of gastroenteritis, such as nausea and bloating. It is not a recommended fluid for rehydrating a child with diarrhea and vomiting.

Choice E rationale

Diluted apple juice, while containing some sugar, does not have the correct balance of electrolytes needed for rehydration. High sugar concentrations in juices can also have an osmotic effect, drawing water into the intestines and potentially worsening diarrhea. This makes it a less effective choice compared to a specifically formulated oral rehydration solution.