The nurse is assessing a client with aortic stenosis. Which finding in the client's history would the nurse identify as the most common cause of this condition?

Congenital valve abnormalities

Rheumatic fever

Autoimmune deficiency syndrome

Degenerative calcification of valve

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Congenital valve abnormalities: Although congenital heart defects can cause aortic stenosis, rheumatic fever is a more common cause in adults.

B. Rheumatic fever: Rheumatic fever is the most common cause of aortic stenosis in adults, as it can lead to scarring and narrowing of the aortic valve.

C. Autoimmune deficiency syndrome: This is not associated with aortic stenosis.

D. Degenerative calcification of valve: This is a common cause of aortic stenosis in older adults, but it is generally less common than rheumatic fever as the primary cause in a younger or middle-aged population.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Compartment syndrome: This is a serious complication that can occur with fractures, including femur fractures. It occurs when increased pressure in the muscle compartment impairs circulation and nerve function.

B. Hemorrhage: Fractures, particularly of long bones like the femur, can result in significant bleeding. Monitoring for hemorrhage is important.

C. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): DVT is a common complication in clients with fractures and immobilization. The client is at risk for blood clots forming in the legs due to limited movement and prolonged bed rest.

D. Complex regional pain syndrome: While this can occur after fractures, it is less common and typically develops weeks to months after the injury.

E. Fat embolism: A fat embolism is a potential complication of long bone fractures, especially the femur. Fat globules can enter the bloodstream and cause respiratory distress, neurological impairment, and petechial rash.

A. To increase hydration B. To control symptoms C. To promote nutrition D. To limit environmental hazards

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. To increase hydration: This is not a priority in terminal care. In fact, increasing hydration can be uncomfortable for dying patients who are often unable to process fluids effectively.

B. To control symptoms: The primary focus in end-of-life care is to manage symptoms, such as pain, difficulty breathing, and anxiety, to ensure the patient is as comfortable as possible.

C. To promote nutrition: At the end of life, promoting nutrition is usually not the priority, as the client may no longer desire food and may be unable to tolerate it.

D. To limit environmental hazards: While important, it is not the priority in terminal care. The focus should be on comfort and symptom control.

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The nurse is assessing a client with aortic stenosis. Which finding in the client's history would the nurse identify as the most common cause of this condition?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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