The nurse is assessing a pediatric client and notes crop lesions that have spread to the face, trunk, and arms. Some appear as a pruritic macular rash and others have started to develop into vesicles. What intervention(s) will the nurse implement? (Select all that apply)

Implement standard precautions and guidelines only.

Place the child in a tepid bath to decrease pruritis.

Strict airborne and contact isolation precautions.

Allow unexposed friends of the child to come visit.

Strict droplet precautions and enforce handwashing

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C

A. Standard precautions alone are not sufficient, because varicella (chickenpox) is highly contagious and requires additional infection control measures.
B. Tepid baths and soothing topical applications such as calamine lotion can help relieve pruritus and discomfort from vesicular lesions.
C. Varicella is transmitted by airborne droplets and direct contact with lesions; therefore, strict airborne and contact isolation is required until all lesions have crusted over.
D. Unexposed friends should not visit, as the virus spreads easily to anyone who is not immune.
E. While hand hygiene is important, varicella is not controlled with droplet precautions alone; airborne and contact isolation is necessary.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Acetaminophen may help reduce fever or pain but does not relieve itching, which is the immediate source of discomfort. Aspirin should never be given to children with varicella due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome.

B. Warm baths may actually increase itching or open lesions if the skin softens too much; tepid baths with soothing additives (like oatmeal) are safer.

C. A pediatric antihistamine (e.g., diphenhydramine) helps reduce pruritus, preventing scratching and decreasing the risk of secondary bacterial infection.

D. Applying lotion to open lesions can increase the risk of infection. Moisturizers or calamine lotion are appropriate only for intact skin.

A. The goal of treatment for MS is to delay the progression of the disease. B. Fatigue that interferes with activities of daily living is treated with the drug baclofen. C. Although (MS) involves remissions and exacerbations, it can be cured. D. There are only two classifications of drugs that are used in the management of MS.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, progressive neurological disease with no known cure. The main goal of treatment is to delay disease progression, manage symptoms, and reduce the frequency/severity of exacerbations to maintain function and quality of life.
B. Baclofen is an antispasmodic used to treat muscle spasticity in MS, not fatigue. Fatigue is managed through energy-conservation strategies, exercise, and sometimes medications like amantadine.
C. MS is not curable. It follows a pattern of remissions and exacerbations, but treatment focuses on symptom control and slowing progression.
D. Multiple classifications of drugs are used, including disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), corticosteroids for acute relapses, muscle relaxants, and medications for specific symptoms such as fatigue, pain, and bladder dysfunction.

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The nurse is assessing a pediatric client and notes crop lesions that have spread to the face, trunk, and arms. Some appear as a pruritic macular rash and others have started to develop into vesicles. What intervention(s) will the nurse implement? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is performing an assessment on a child with varicella and notices the child scratching the lesions. Which nursing intervention will the nurse perform to provide comfort at this time?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is planning discharge education for a client with multiple sclerosis (MS). What should the nurse include in the client's education?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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