The nurse is assessing an elderly patient’s skin turgor and notes that it is poor.

The nurse understands that this finding may be due to which of the following reasons?

The correct answer isA, B, C, D, and E.

All of these questions are relevant for conducting a psychosocial assessment of an older adult client who has recently retired from work.A psychosocial assessment is a process for learning about a client’s problems and needs, so that together you can create therapy goals and a plan for recovery.The information-gathering process should allow you to learn more about the client as a person, beyond just a diagnosis.

• Choice A is correct because it explores how the client feels about their retirement, which can be a major life transition that affects their identity, self-esteem, and sense of purpose.

• Choice B is correct because it assesses the client’s interests and hobbies, which can provide sources of enjoyment, stimulation, and meaning in their life.

• Choice C is correct because it evaluates the client’s social support network, which can influence their mental health, well-being, and coping skills.

• Choice D is correct because it identifies the client’s stressors and challenges, which can affect their mood, functioning, and quality of life.

• Choice E is correct because it examines the client’s physical and mental health issues, which can impact their ability to perform daily activities, manage their emotions, and adhere to treatment plans.

A comprehensive geriatric assessment is a multidimensional process designed to assess the functional ability, health (physical, cognitive, and mental), and socioenvironmental situation of older people.The comprehensive geriatric assessment specifically and thoroughly evaluates functional and cognitive abilities, social support, financial status, and environmental factors, as well as physical and mental health.Ideally, a regular examination of older patients incorporates many aspects of the comprehensive geriatric assessment, making the two approaches very similar.

The correct answer isD.

All of the above.

The nurse should take all of the actions listed to provide effective pain management for the older adult client who has depression and chronic pain in his lower back.

• Choice Ais correct because assessing the pain using a valid and reliable pain scale is essential for determining the severity and impact of pain, as well as monitoring the response to treatment.

• Choice Bis correct because administering analgesic medications as prescribed can help reduce pain and improve function.

The nurse should also monitor for effectiveness and side effects, especially in older adults who may have altered drug metabolism, polypharmacy, and increased risk of adverse events.

• Choice Cis correct because providing non-pharmacological interventions can enhance pain relief, reduce medication use, and address the biopsychosocial aspects of pain.

Massage, heat or cold therapy, relaxation techniques, and distraction are some examples of non-pharmacological interventions that can be used for chronic pain in older adults.

• Choice Dis correct because it includes all of the above actions, which are part of a multimodal approach to pain management that is recommended by clinical guidelines.

4 7 A multimodal approach can improve pain outcomes, reduce side effects, and address the complex needs of older adults with chronic pain.

A. Assess the location, intensity, quality and duration of the pain using a pain scale B.

Administer analgesic medications as prescribed and monitor for effectiveness and side effects C.

Provide non-pharmacological interventions such as massage, heat or cold therapy, relaxation techniques or distraction D.

All of the above