The nurse is assessing the hands of a client and notes bony enlargements of the client's joints, as pictured here. The joints are hard, painless, and some of the fingers are deviated from the midline. The nurse suspects these findings are a result of which of the following?

Normal joint wear and tear

Osteomyelitis

Uric acid deposits

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Normal joint wear and tear typically do not result in bony enlargements, deviation of fingers, or hard, painless joints.
B.   Osteomyelitis is a bone infection and would present with symptoms such as fever, localized pain, swelling, and redness over the affected bone, rather than bony enlargements of the joints.
C.   Uric acid deposits are associated with conditions like gout and would typically manifest as acute attacks of severe pain, redness, and swelling in the affected joint, rather than the chronic, painless joint deformities seen in the scenario described.
D.   Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation of the synovium, leading to joint deformities, bony enlargements, and deviation of fingers. Joints affected by RA are typically hard, painless, and may exhibit ulnar deviation.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. It is possible for an infection to be present without an elevated temperature, especially in older adults.
B. While some symptoms may be common in older adults, the presence of symptoms alone does not exclude the possibility of infection.
C. The resolution of infection cannot be determined solely based on the absence of fever.
D. Older adults may have a blunted fever response to infection, leading to a lack of fever despite the presence of other symptoms.

A. Illness B. Prodromal C. Incubation D. Convalescence

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The illness stage is the time when the symptoms are most severe and specific to the disease.
B. The prodromal stage is characterized by non-specific symptoms such as malaise, fever, and fatigue, which precede the onset of specific symptoms. The client who reports a severe sore throat, pain when swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes is experiencing the prodromal stage of infection. These are some of the common signs and symptoms of a viral or bacterial infection of the throat, such as strep throat or pharyngitis.
C. The incubation stage occurs after exposure to the infectious agent but before symptoms appear.

D. The convalescence stage is the period of recovery and resolution of symptoms following an infection.

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The nurse is assessing the hands of a client and notes bony enlargements of the client's joints, as pictured here. The joints are hard, painless, and some of the fingers are deviated from the midline. The nurse suspects these findings are a result of which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who reports a severe sore throat, pain when swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes. The client is experiencing which of the following stages of infection?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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