The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest risk for health problems related to nutritional deficits?
An 89-year-old stroke victim with a fractured hip and dysphagia.
An obese 42-year-old male admitted for a hernia repair.
A woman at 4-weeks gestation suffering from morning sickness.
A 6-year-old who had a tonsillectomy yesterday.
The Correct Answer is A
A. An 89-year-old stroke victim with a fractured hip and dysphagia is at the greatest risk for nutritional deficits. Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, can severely limit the intake of essential nutrients, leading to malnutrition. Additionally, the advanced age and the physical trauma from the stroke and hip fracture further increase the risk of nutritional deficiencies and related health problems.
B. An obese 42-year-old male admitted for a hernia repair may have nutritional concerns, but obesity itself does not necessarily indicate a risk for nutritional deficits. While obesity can be associated with poor dietary habits, it does not inherently mean the individual is lacking essential nutrients.
C. A woman at 4-weeks gestation suffering from morning sickness may experience temporary nutritional challenges due to nausea and vomiting. However, this condition is usually transient and can be managed with dietary adjustments and medical advice, making it less critical compared to the other options.
D. A 6-year-old who had a tonsillectomy yesterday might have temporary dietary restrictions due to post-surgical pain and discomfort. However, this is typically a short-term issue and does not pose a long-term risk for nutritional deficits.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D reason:
Explaining that a popsicle or a cup of gelatin can be provided rather than ice cream is appropriate because these options are clear liquids, which are allowed on a clear liquid diet. Clear liquids are easily digestible and leave no residue in the digestive tract, making them suitable for pre-surgical preparation. This ensures that the client adheres to the dietary restrictions necessary for surgery.
Choice A reason:
Calling the healthcare provider to clarify if the client may have ice cream is unnecessary because ice cream is not considered a clear liquid and does not meet the requirements of a clear liquid diet. The nurse should provide alternatives that fit within the prescribed diet.
Choice B reason:
Offering a chocolate-flavored liquid nutritional supplement poured over ice is not appropriate because it may not be considered a clear liquid. The focus should be on providing options that are clearly within the guidelines of a clear liquid diet.
Choice C reason:
Providing chocolate ice cream after determining the presence of bowel sounds is not suitable because ice cream is not a clear liquid. The nurse should adhere to the clear liquid diet prescribed for the client to ensure proper preparation for surgery.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Keeping a record of food and drinks consumed daily is an effective initial approach to weight loss. This practice helps the client become more aware of their eating habits and identify areas for improvement. Tracking food intake can reveal patterns of overeating, emotional eating, or consumption of high-calorie foods. This awareness is crucial for making informed dietary changes and setting realistic weight loss goals.
Choice B reason:
Participating in a group exercise class 3 times a week is beneficial for weight loss and overall health, but it may not be the best initial step. Exercise is important, but understanding and modifying dietary habits is often more impactful in the early stages of a weight loss plan. Combining dietary changes with regular exercise is ideal, but starting with food tracking can provide a solid foundation.
Choice C reason:
Engaging in strenuous activity for an hour daily can be overwhelming for someone just beginning a weight loss journey. It is important to start with manageable changes to avoid burnout and injury. Gradually increasing physical activity levels is more sustainable and effective in the long term.
Choice D reason:
Planning low carbohydrate and high protein meals can be part of a weight loss strategy, but it should be tailored to the individual’s preferences and needs. Without understanding the client’s current eating habits, it is difficult to recommend specific dietary changes. Starting with food tracking allows for personalized and effective dietary adjustments.
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