The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest risk for health problems related to nutritional deficits?

An 89-year-old stroke victim with a fractured hip and dysphagia.

An obese 42-year-old male admitted for a hernia repair.

A woman at 4-weeks gestation suffering from morning sickness.

A 6-year-old who had a tonsillectomy yesterday.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. An 89-year-old stroke victim with a fractured hip and dysphagia is at the greatest risk for nutritional deficits. Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, can severely limit the intake of essential nutrients, leading to malnutrition. Additionally, the advanced age and the physical trauma from the stroke and hip fracture further increase the risk of nutritional deficiencies and related health problems.

B. An obese 42-year-old male admitted for a hernia repair may have nutritional concerns, but obesity itself does not necessarily indicate a risk for nutritional deficits. While obesity can be associated with poor dietary habits, it does not inherently mean the individual is lacking essential nutrients.

C. A woman at 4-weeks gestation suffering from morning sickness may experience temporary nutritional challenges due to nausea and vomiting. However, this condition is usually transient and can be managed with dietary adjustments and medical advice, making it less critical compared to the other options.

D. A 6-year-old who had a tonsillectomy yesterday might have temporary dietary restrictions due to post-surgical pain and discomfort. However, this is typically a short-term issue and does not pose a long-term risk for nutritional deficits.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Eating fatty, sweetened snacks 1 hour before the game is not advisable. These types of snacks can cause a rapid spike in blood sugar followed by a crash, leading to decreased energy levels during the game. Additionally, fatty foods can be hard to digest and may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, which can negatively impact athletic performance.

Choice B reason:

Eating sodium-enriched foods immediately before the game is not recommended. While sodium is important for maintaining electrolyte balance, consuming high-sodium foods right before physical activity can lead to dehydration and increased thirst. It is better to maintain a balanced intake of electrolytes throughout the day rather than loading up on sodium just before the game.

Choice C reason:

Eating a high-protein meal 30 minutes before the game is not ideal. Protein takes longer to digest and does not provide the quick energy needed for immediate physical activity. Consuming a high-protein meal too close to the game can lead to discomfort and sluggishness, as the body diverts energy to digestion rather than athletic performance.

Choice D reason:

Eating a light high-carbohydrate meal 3 hours before the game is the best recommendation. Carbohydrates are the body’s primary source of energy, and consuming them a few hours before the game ensures that the body has time to digest and convert them into usable energy. This timing helps maintain steady blood sugar levels and provides sustained energy throughout the game, enhancing athletic performance.

A. Cholesterol level. B. Motivation for change. C. Hypertension. D. Dairy allergy.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice D reason:

Reviewing the client’s history for a dairy allergy is the most important step before starting whey protein concentrate because whey is derived from milk. If the client has a dairy allergy, consuming whey protein could cause severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. Ensuring the client does not have a dairy allergy is crucial for their safety and to prevent any adverse health effects. This step is essential to determine if whey protein is a suitable and safe option for the client.

Choice A reason:

Checking the client’s cholesterol level is important for overall health management, especially in obese clients. However, it is not the most critical factor when considering the safety of whey protein concentrate. The primary concern should be ensuring the client can safely consume the protein without allergic reactions.

Choice B reason:

Assessing the client’s motivation for change is important for long-term success in weight management and dietary changes. However, it does not directly impact the immediate safety of starting whey protein concentrate. The focus should be on identifying any potential allergies that could cause harm.

Choice C reason:

Reviewing the client’s history of hypertension is important for managing their overall health. However, it is not the most critical factor in determining the safety of whey protein concentrate. The primary concern should be ensuring the client does not have a dairy allergy, which could lead to severe allergic reactions.

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The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest risk for health problems related to nutritional deficits?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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