The nurse is assisting the patient with multiple myeloma in arranging a meal plan to lower the risk of complications from hypercalcemia. Which of the following would be the MOST IMPORTANT component of the patient's intake?

The patient should increase intake of fluids.

The patient should increase intake of fresh fruits.

The patient should decrease intake of red meat.

The patient should avoid alcoholic beverages.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The patient should increase intake of fluids. Increased fluid intake helps flush excess calcium from the kidneys, which is vital for patients with hypercalcemia, a common complication of multiple myeloma.

B. The patient should increase intake of fresh fruits. Fresh fruits can be healthy but do not directly reduce hypercalcemia risk. Fluid intake is more critical in preventing calcium build up.

C. The patient should decrease intake of red meat. While reducing red meat can be beneficial for overall health, it does not directly address hypercalcemia.

D. The patient should avoid alcoholic beverages. Avoiding alcohol is generally beneficial, but it is not specifically related to managing hypercalcemia in multiple myeloma.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Results indicate the presence of Reed Sternberg cells: Reed-Sternberg cells are a defining characteristic of Hodgkin disease, a type of lymphoma. Their presence in biopsy samples confirms the diagnosis, distinguishing Hodgkin disease from other types of lymphomas and leukemias.

B. The patient is cyanotic: Cyanosis, or bluish skin discoloration due to low oxygen levels, is not a common sign of Hodgkin disease. It may occur in advanced disease due to respiratory compromise but is not a defining characteristic.

C. The patient is complaining of excessive thirst and hunger: Excessive thirst and hunger are more characteristic of diabetes mellitus, not Hodgkin disease. These symptoms are unrelated to the lymphatic involvement seen in Hodgkin disease.

D. Results indicate the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome: The Philadelphia chromosome is a genetic abnormality associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), not Hodgkin disease. Its presence suggests a different hematologic malignancy.

A. Have the child eat a high-protein diet. B. Monitor the child's temperature twice per day. C. Restrict outdoor play activity D. Encourage the child to increase his fluid intake.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Have the child eat a high-protein diet. There is no specific requirement for a high-protein diet to manage sickle cell disease. Hydration is more critical in crisis prevention.

B. Monitor the child's temperature twice per day. While monitoring for infection is essential, this is not the most important discharge instruction to prevent crises.

C. Restrict outdoor play activity. While strenuous exercise should be avoided, activity restriction is unnecessary as long as the child stays hydrated and avoids extreme conditions.

D. Encourage the child to increase his fluid intake. Increased fluid intake helps prevent sickling by reducing blood viscosity, which is essential in preventing future crises.

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The nurse is assisting the patient with multiple myeloma in arranging a meal plan to lower the risk of complications from hypercalcemia. Which of the following would be the MOST IMPORTANT component of the patient's intake?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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