A nurse is collecting data from a client who has anemia due to excess blood loss during surgery causing a decrease in blood flow/perfusion in the patient. The patient's vital signs are as follows: BP 100/60. HR 122. Resp 24, SPO2 92%. The nurse should expect which of the following findings/symptoms?

Dyspnea on exertion

Respiratory depression

Intense abdominal pain

Bradycardia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Dyspnea on exertion: Anemia from blood loss reduces oxygen-carrying capacity, leading to symptoms like fatigue and dyspnea on exertion. The patient's low SpO₂, tachycardia, and increased respiratory rate are consistent with this finding.

B. Respiratory depression: Respiratory depression is typically associated with narcotics or other depressants, not anemia due to blood loss. The increased respiratory rate suggests a compensatory mechanism for decreased oxygenation, not depression.

C. Intense abdominal pain: While abdominal pain could be present in some conditions, it is not a direct symptom of anemia due to surgical blood loss and decreased perfusion.

D. Bradycardia: Anemia usually causes tachycardia (increased heart rate) as the body compensates for the decreased oxygenation, not bradycardia (slow heart rate). Therefore, bradycardia is unlikely in this case.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Smoking: Smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis. Cessation can significantly reduce the risk of disease progression.

B. Obesity: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor. Weight loss through diet and exercise can help lower the risk of atherosclerosis.

C. Genetic predisposition: Genetic predisposition is a non-modifiable risk factor. It cannot be changed or controlled, so it is not considered a modifiable factor.

D. Hypertension: Hypertension is a modifiable risk factor, as it can be managed through lifestyle changes and medication.

E. Hypercholesterolemia: Hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol levels) is a modifiable risk factor because it can be controlled through diet, exercise, and medication.

A. "I can eat frozen juice bars for a snack." B. "I can have a cola drink twice a day." C. "I will replace table salt with dried herbs." D. "Fresh fruits are good to include with meals."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "I can eat frozen juice bars for a snack." Frozen juice bars are generally low in sodium and are a healthy snack option for clients with hypertension. This choice is acceptable as long as they are made from 100% juice and do not contain added sugars or sodium.

B. "I can have a cola drink twice a day." Cola drinks contain caffeine, sugar, and sometimes sodium, which can increase blood pressure. Clients with hypertension should limit their intake of sugary or caffeinated drinks. This statement indicates a need for further teaching.

C. "I will replace table salt with dried herbs." Replacing table salt with dried herbs is a good practice to reduce sodium intake, which can help manage hypertension. This statement does not indicate a need for further teaching.

D. "Fresh fruits are good to include with meals." Fresh fruits are low in sodium and rich in potassium, which can help regulate blood pressure. This is a good dietary choice for clients with hypertension and does not indicate a need for further teaching.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is giving a presentation to a community group about preventing atherosclerosis. Which of the following should the nurse include as a modifiable risk factor for this disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a heart healthy diet with a group of clients who have hypertension. Which of the following statements by the clients indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data about a client's cardiac functioning. The nurse auscultates an S3 sound. Which of the following causes should the nurse suspect?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is about to start taking captopril to treat hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to help the client manage this medication's adverse effects?

A nurse is preparing to administer morning insulin to a client who has a prescription for 14 units of regular insulin and 28 units of NPH insulin subcutaneous daily. What is the total number of units of insulin that the nurse should prepare in the insulin syringe?

The nurse notes the patient’s lower legs are brown and discolored and their feet are cold and slightly blue in color when in the dependent position. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the Mediterranean diet with a client who is at risk for hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin 0.25 mg PO to a client. The amount available is digoxin 0.125 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer to the client? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

A nurse is checking the apical pulse of a client who is taking several cardiovascular medications. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?