The nurse is aware that the patient seeking antibiotic treatment for pharyngitis will only receive the desired medication if the condition is caused by:
bacteria
a fungal infection
a virus
protozoa
The Correct Answer is A
A. Bacteria: Antibiotics are specifically used to treat bacterial infections. In the case of pharyngitis, antibiotics are appropriate if the infection is caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A strep), which can be confirmed via rapid strep test or throat culture.
B. A fungal infection: Fungal infections are treated with antifungal medications, not antibiotics. Pharyngitis caused by fungi (e.g., Candida) is rare and requires different pharmacologic management.
C. A virus: Viral pharyngitis is the most common cause of sore throat and does not respond to antibiotics. Treating viral infections with antibiotics contributes to antimicrobial resistance and unnecessary side effects.
D. Protozoa: Protozoal infections typically affect the gastrointestinal or urogenital tract and are not a cause of pharyngitis. They are treated with antiparasitic agents, not antibiotics.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Productive cough and crackles:These are hallmark signs of pneumonia. A productive cough indicates mucus in the airways, while crackles on auscultation suggest fluid and inflammation in the alveoli, consistent with lower respiratory tract infection.
B. Bradycardia and hypotension:Bradycardia is not typically associated with pneumonia. Hypotension can occur in severe or septic cases, but it is not specific or diagnostic. Neither finding is present in this case, nor do they support the pneumonia diagnosis.
C. Elevated WBC and hypertension:An elevated WBC count does support infection, but hypertension is not characteristic of pneumonia. Blood pressure changes are not diagnostic and may vary based on the individual’s baseline or stress response.
D. Decreased WBC & clear lung sounds:A low WBC count and clear lung sounds argue against an infectious process like pneumonia. These findings would more likely suggest that infection is absent or resolving, not active.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Return to the ED immediately for a cough that gets worse at night:While worsening symptoms should be monitored, mild nighttime worsening of croup is common. Immediate return to the ED is not necessary unless there are signs of respiratory distress like stridor at rest, retractions, or cyanosis.
B. Take the child into a steamy hot bathroom for 15 minutes:Exposure to humidified air can help loosen mucus and reduce airway inflammation, easing the barking cough associated with croup. This home remedy is safe and effective for nighttime symptoms in mild cases.
C. Give the child warm liquids to soothe the throat:Infants under 6 months should not be given liquids other than breast milk or formula unless specifically instructed by a provider. Warm liquids also pose a risk of burns or aspiration in young infants.
D. Give the child over-the-counter cough suppressants:OTC cough suppressants are not recommended for children under 6 years old due to lack of proven benefit and risk of side effects. They can suppress the protective cough reflex and should be avoided in infants.
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