The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions.
Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.
signs of polycythemia
Need for fluid restrictions
Obtain a daily weight
Frequent oral care
Normal protein in the diet
Avoid nephrotoxic substances
Decrease sodium in the diet
Close monitoring of urine output
Correct Answer : B,C,D,E,G,H
A. Polycythemia (an abnormally high red blood cell count) is not typically a primary concern in dialysis patients; instead, they are more often monitored for anemia.
B. Dialysis patients often need to restrict fluid intake to prevent fluid overload, which can exacerbate edema and cause additional cardiovascular strain.
C. Daily weight monitoring is crucial for dialysis patients to track fluid balance and detect any sudden changes that might indicate fluid retention or loss.
D. Frequent oral care is important to prevent infections, particularly because dialysis patients are at increased risk due to their compromised immune systems and possible fluid restrictions, which can lead to dry mouth and other oral health issues.
E. Dialysis patients may need a modified protein intake, depending on their specific needs and the type of dialysis (hemodialysis vs. peritoneal dialysis). Protein needs can vary, so it is essential to follow the specific dietary recommendations provided by a healthcare provider.
F. Avoiding nephrotoxic substances (e.g., certain medications, contrast dyes) is critical to protect the remaining kidney function and prevent further damage.
G. A low-sodium diet helps manage blood pressure and fluid balance, reducing the risk of fluid retention and hypertension in dialysis patients.
H. Monitoring urine output is important to assess kidney function and fluid balance.
Even though dialysis takes over some kidney functions, any remaining urine output can provide valuable information about the patient's residual kidney function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Sinus bradycardia may not require immediate intervention if the patient is asymptomatic and stable.
B. Asymptomatic premature atrial contractions may not require immediate attention unless they are associated with significant symptoms or hemodynamic instability.
C. Dyspnea in a patient with atrial fibrillation may indicate heart failure or other complications and requires prompt assessment and intervention.
D. Sinus tachycardia may not require immediate intervention if the patient is asymptomatic and stable.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This is partially correct but lacks the detail that the examination is done via an endoscope through the throat.
B. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) involves the use of an endoscope to visualize and treat problems in the bile ducts, gallbladder, and pancreas.
C. This statement reflects a misunderstanding of the procedure, as ERCP does not involve shock waves to treat gallstones.
D. This statement also reflects a misunderstanding, as ERCP is primarily a diagnostic procedure and does not involve direct medication delivery to the gallbladder.
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