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The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions.

Exhibits

Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.

signs of polycythemia

Need for fluid restrictions

Obtain a daily weight

Frequent oral care

Normal protein in the diet

Avoid nephrotoxic substances

Decrease sodium in the diet

Close monitoring of urine output

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D,E,G,H

A.   Polycythemia (an abnormally high red blood cell count) is not typically a primary concern in dialysis patients; instead, they are more often monitored for anemia.
B.   Dialysis patients often need to restrict fluid intake to prevent fluid overload, which can exacerbate edema and cause additional cardiovascular strain.
C.   Daily weight monitoring is crucial for dialysis patients to track fluid balance and detect any sudden changes that might indicate fluid retention or loss.
D.   Frequent oral care is important to prevent infections, particularly because dialysis patients are at increased risk due to their compromised immune systems and possible fluid restrictions, which can lead to dry mouth and other oral health issues.
E.   Dialysis patients may need a modified protein intake, depending on their specific needs and the type of dialysis (hemodialysis vs. peritoneal dialysis). Protein needs can vary, so it is essential to follow the specific dietary recommendations provided by a healthcare provider.
F.   Avoiding nephrotoxic substances (e.g., certain medications, contrast dyes) is critical to protect the remaining kidney function and prevent further damage.
G.   A low-sodium diet helps manage blood pressure and fluid balance, reducing the risk of fluid retention and hypertension in dialysis patients.

H.   Monitoring urine output is important to assess kidney function and fluid balance.

Even though dialysis takes over some kidney functions, any remaining urine output can provide valuable information about the patient's residual kidney function.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Digoxin typically decreases the heart rate by increasing vagal tone and reducing conduction through the atrioventricular node.
B. Digoxin may have minimal effects on blood pressure, primarily by improving cardiac output in patients with heart failure, but its primary action is on cardiac contractility and rhythm.
C. Digoxin has a negative chronotropic effect, meaning it slows the heart rate by increasing parasympathetic tone and decreasing conduction through the atrioventricular node.
D. Digoxin has a positive inotropic effect, meaning it increases the force of cardiac contractions, which can be beneficial in patients with heart failure.
E. Digoxin can suppress ectopic beats (abnormal heart rhythms originating outside the sinoatrial node) by slowing conduction through the atrioventricular node and enhancing vagal tone

A. Atrial flutter B. Ventricular tachycardia C. Atrial fibrillation D. Sinus tachycardia

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Atrial flutter is characterized by a regular rhythm with rapid atrial contractions (flutter waves) that have a sawtooth appearance on the ECG tracing.
B. Ventricular tachycardia typically presents with a wide QRS complex and is often associated with hemodynamic instability.
C. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by irregularly irregular rhythm with no distinct P waves and irregular ventricular response.
D. Sinus tachycardia is characterized by a regular rhythm with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute originating from the sinus node.

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The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions. Exhibits Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a patient about digoxin. The nurse would evaluate the patient as understanding the teaching if the patient made which of these statements? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is reading a cardiac monitor of a patient and observes a regular rhythm, and the P waves have a sawtooth pattern. The nurse recognizes this as which arrhythmia?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions.

Exhibits

Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.