The nurse is caring for a client who experiences migraines and reports seeing light flashes. The nurse should recognize this information as which of the following phases of a migraine?

Postdrome

Premonitory

Headache

Aura

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. The postdrome phase occurs after the headache subsides. During this phase, the client may experience fatigue, mood changes, or mild head discomfort, but it does not include visual disturbances like light flashes.
B. The premonitory phase refers to early warning signs that occur before the onset of the migraine headache, such as fatigue, irritability, or neck stiffness, but not typically visual disturbances like light flashes.
C. The headache phase is when the migraine pain is most severe. The client’s description of seeing light flashes occurs before the pain phase, so this would not be considered the headache phase.
D. The aura phase is characterized by neurological symptoms that occur just before or during the onset of a migraine, and it can include visual disturbances such as light flashes, blind spots, or zigzag lines. This phase can last from a few minutes to an hour and usually precedes the headache phase.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. It is correct that the doctor can change the settings of the VNS as needed using a special programming device. This is a true and expected understanding.
B. Saying "I will never have another seizure" indicates a misunderstanding. While the vagal nerve stimulator can reduce the frequency and severity of seizures, it is not a cure and does not guarantee complete seizure prevention. This statement reflects unrealistic expectations and suggests the need for further teaching.
C. The VNS sends electrical signals to the brain via the vagus nerve to help prevent seizure activity—this is an accurate understanding of its function.
D. Cough or throat spasm is a known side effect or complication of VNS, so this statement reflects appropriate understanding.

A. Heart disease B. Chronic lung disorders C. Neurological disorders D. Renal disease

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hypothyroidism increases the risk for heart disease. The low thyroid hormone levels can lead to higher levels of cholesterol (especially LDL cholesterol) and increased blood pressure, which are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Additionally, hypothyroidism can slow down heart rate and decrease the heart's pumping efficiency, further contributing to heart problems.
B. Hypothyroidism does not directly increase the risk of chronic lung disorders. While it can cause respiratory issues such as shortness of breath or decreased exercise tolerance, it is not specifically linked to lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
C. While hypothyroidism can cause symptoms such as cognitive impairment, depression, and slowing of neurological functions, it does not directly increase the risk of other neurological disorders.
D. While hypothyroidism can contribute to some kidney dysfunction (like mild hyponatremia), it is not a direct risk factor for renal disease. However, untreated hypothyroidism could lead to worsening kidney function over time.

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The nurse is caring for a client who experiences migraines and reports seeing light flashes. The nurse should recognize this information as which of the following phases of a migraine?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse has completed post-operative teaching for a client with a new vagal nerve stimulator (VNS). Which of the following statements by the client would indicate the need for more teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is assessing an older adult client with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism. The nurse understands that the client has an increased risk for which of the following?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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