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The nurse is caring for a client with diabetes mellitus, type 1 who asked for the meaning of glycemic index. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be correct?

"It describes a list of foods that are alike in terms of the amount of carbohydrate, fat, protein, and calories in each food."

"It is a value assigned to foods based on how slowly or how quickly those foods cause increases in your blood glucose level."

"It is a diet plan that tracks the amount of carbohydrates in food to ensure that a predetermined amount is consumed during a given meal."

"It is a scoring system that describes the amount of carbohydrates, in grams, that is present in each serving of a food."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "It describes a list of foods that are alike in terms of the amount of carbohydrate, fat, protein, and calories in each food." This definition does not describe the glycemic index. The glycemic index focuses on how quickly a food raises blood glucose, not on the carbohydrate, fat, protein, and calorie content of foods.
B. "It is a value assigned to foods based on how slowly or how quickly those foods cause increases in your blood glucose level." The glycemic index (GI) measures how quickly a carbohydrate-containing food raises blood glucose levels after consumption. Foods with a high GI cause rapid spikes in blood glucose, while those with a low GI cause slower increases.
C. "It is a diet plan that tracks the amount of carbohydrates in food to ensure that a predetermined amount is consumed during a given meal." This describes carbohydrate counting or a carbohydrate-based meal plan, not the glycemic index.
D. "It is a scoring system that describes the amount of carbohydrates, in grams, that is present in each serving of a food." This describes the concept of carbohydrate counting, which focuses on the total grams of carbohydrates in food, not the rate at which those carbohydrates affect blood glucose.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Carbidopa does not directly prevent dyskinesia. Dyskinesia is often a side effect of long-term levodopa therapy. Carbidopa’s role is to help optimize the effectiveness of levodopa and reduce side effects, but it does not specifically prevent dyskinesia.
B. The combination of levodopa and carbidopa does not prevent drug tolerance. Drug tolerance refers to the reduced effect of a drug over time, and while the combination may help with optimal absorption and effectiveness, it doesn't directly address tolerance.
C. While carbidopa helps reduce some side effects (such as nausea and vomiting) by preventing the peripheral breakdown of levodopa, the primary purpose of combining the two drugs is not solely to prevent side effects but to improve levodopa's effectiveness and absorption in the brain.
D. Carbidopa inhibits the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) in the peripheral tissues, preventing the premature breakdown (metabolism) of levodopa into dopamine before it reaches the brain. This allows more levodopa to enter the brain and be converted into dopamine, enhancing the therapeutic effect for Parkinson's disease.

A. Because an acute condition has caused the seizures you have had. B. When a client has had a seizure that has lasted more than 5 minutes. C. When a client has a history of 2 or more seizures more than 24 hours apart. D. Because there is no known cause for the seizures you have had

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures, and an acute condition is not typically the cause of seizures in people with epilepsy.
B. While a seizure lasting more than 5 minutes (status epilepticus) is a medical emergency, it does not define epilepsy. Epilepsy is diagnosed based on recurrent, unprovoked seizures, not the duration of a single seizure.
C. Epilepsy is diagnosed when a person has had two or more unprovoked seizures that occur more than 24 hours apart. This is the key criterion for the diagnosis of epilepsy, which is a chronic condition.
D. While it's true that some forms of epilepsy may not have a known cause, many cases of epilepsy have identifiable causes, such as brain injury, genetic factors, or structural abnormalities. The diagnosis of epilepsy is not solely based on the absence of a known cause for seizures.

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The nurse is caring for a client with diabetes mellitus, type 1 who asked for the meaning of glycemic index. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be correct?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease. The nurse understands the client is on both levodopa and carbidopa for which of the following reasons?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is talking with a client newly diagnosed with epilepsy who asks, "How do you know I have epilepsy instead of just a seizure?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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