The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with diabetes mellitus, type 2. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Keep your feet clean and check them daily for any breaks in the skin."

"Use a heating pad to keep hands and feet warm."

"You should not get the pneumonia vaccine."

"Schedule eye examinations and be sure to attend them every 5 years.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Foot care is crucial for individuals with diabetes due to the increased risk of neuropathy and poor circulation. Daily inspection for cuts, blisters, or other injuries is vital to prevent infections and complications, such as diabetic ulcers or amputations.
B. Heating pads should not be used by people with diabetes, as they may not be able to feel the heat due to diabetic neuropathy. This increases the risk of burns and injury. It is safer to use other methods for warming hands and feet, such as wearing socks or gloves.
C. People with diabetes are at an increased risk for infections, including pneumonia. The pneumonia vaccine (PPSV23 and/or PCV13) is recommended for individuals with diabetes to help reduce the risk of pneumonia. This statement is false.
D. People with diabetes should have regular eye examinations, but they should be scheduled annually, not every 5 years. Diabetes can lead to diabetic retinopathy, which can cause vision loss if not monitored and treated promptly. Annual eye exams are recommended to detect any changes early.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Dextrose is used to treat hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), and there is no indication from the vital signs provided that the client is hypoglycemic.
B. Acetaminophen is an antipyretic (fever reducer), but the priority is not to treat the fever immediately in this case. The client's blood pressure and heart rate need to be addressed first.
C. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that can help reduce both heart rate and blood pressure. The client has severe hypertension (200/110) and tachycardia (heart rate of 160), which may indicate a hypertensive crisis or severe adrenergic overactivity. Propranolol can help lower the heart rate and blood pressure quickly, which is crucial to avoid further cardiovascular complications.
D. Potassium iodide is used in cases of thyroid storm or exposure to radioactive iodine. It is not appropriate for this situation, as the symptoms do not indicate a thyroid emergency or radiation exposure.

A. Legumes B. Grilled chicken C. Root vegetables D. Mashed potatoes

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Legumes (such as beans, lentils, and peas) have a low glycemic index. They are high in fiber and protein, which helps slow the absorption of carbohydrates and keep blood sugar levels stable.
B. Grilled chicken is a protein source and does not significantly affect the glycemic index since proteins do not cause a rise in blood sugar.
C. Root vegetables like carrots, sweet potatoes, and beets generally have a moderate glycemic index. While they do impact blood sugar, they do not cause as significant an increase as high-glycemic foods.
D. Mashed potatoes, especially if prepared without the skin, have a high glycemic index. The processing of potatoes into a mashed form increases their rate of digestion and absorption, causing a more rapid increase in blood sugar levels

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The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with diabetes mellitus, type 2. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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