The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with diabetes mellitus, type 2. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
"Keep your feet clean and check them daily for any breaks in the skin."
"Use a heating pad to keep hands and feet warm."
"You should not get the pneumonia vaccine."
"Schedule eye examinations and be sure to attend them every 5 years.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Foot care is crucial for individuals with diabetes due to the increased risk of neuropathy and poor circulation. Daily inspection for cuts, blisters, or other injuries is vital to prevent infections and complications, such as diabetic ulcers or amputations.
B. Heating pads should not be used by people with diabetes, as they may not be able to feel the heat due to diabetic neuropathy. This increases the risk of burns and injury. It is safer to use other methods for warming hands and feet, such as wearing socks or gloves.
C. People with diabetes are at an increased risk for infections, including pneumonia. The pneumonia vaccine (PPSV23 and/or PCV13) is recommended for individuals with diabetes to help reduce the risk of pneumonia. This statement is false.
D. People with diabetes should have regular eye examinations, but they should be scheduled annually, not every 5 years. Diabetes can lead to diabetic retinopathy, which can cause vision loss if not monitored and treated promptly. Annual eye exams are recommended to detect any changes early.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The catheter (infusion set) should generally be changed every 2 to 3 days, not every week, to avoid infection or issues with insulin delivery.
B. Insulin pumps are typically filled with rapid-acting insulin (such as insulin aspart, lispro, or glulisine) because it starts working quickly to help control blood glucose levels throughout the day.
C. The pump can be removed temporarily for activities like showering or swimming, though the catheter or infusion set must remain in place. However, clients should not remove the pump for extended periods without consulting their healthcare provider.
D. Clients using an insulin pump should check their blood glucose levels multiple times per day, typically before meals and at bedtime, to ensure accurate insulin dosing and blood sugar control.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Significant impairments from dyskinesia are typically a side effect of long-term levodopa therapy, not an expected outcome following deep brain stimulation. DBS is intended to reduce dyskinesias.
B. The presence of significant tremors post-procedure would indicate that the DBS may not be effectively managing the Parkinson's symptoms. Successful DBS typically reduces tremors.
C. One of the benefits of DBS is that it often allows for a reduction in the dosage of levodopa, not an increase.
D. Improving tremor and rigidity is an expected outcome of DBS. This surgical procedure delivers electrical impulses to targeted areas in the brain, which helps regulate abnormal brain activity and significantly reduces motor symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia in clients with Parkinson’s Disease.
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