The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with diabetes mellitus, type 2. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
"Keep your feet clean and check them daily for any breaks in the skin."
"Use a heating pad to keep hands and feet warm."
"You should not get the pneumonia vaccine."
"Schedule eye examinations and be sure to attend them every 5 years.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Foot care is crucial for individuals with diabetes due to the increased risk of neuropathy and poor circulation. Daily inspection for cuts, blisters, or other injuries is vital to prevent infections and complications, such as diabetic ulcers or amputations.
B. Heating pads should not be used by people with diabetes, as they may not be able to feel the heat due to diabetic neuropathy. This increases the risk of burns and injury. It is safer to use other methods for warming hands and feet, such as wearing socks or gloves.
C. People with diabetes are at an increased risk for infections, including pneumonia. The pneumonia vaccine (PPSV23 and/or PCV13) is recommended for individuals with diabetes to help reduce the risk of pneumonia. This statement is false.
D. People with diabetes should have regular eye examinations, but they should be scheduled annually, not every 5 years. Diabetes can lead to diabetic retinopathy, which can cause vision loss if not monitored and treated promptly. Annual eye exams are recommended to detect any changes early.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Taking naproxen with food can reduce gastrointestinal upset, but this does not address its potential harm during pregnancy.
B. Acetaminophen is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but aspirin and caffeine compounds may carry risks and should not be recommended without provider guidance.
C. Instruct the client to stop taking the medication and speak with the health care provider is correct. Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is generally not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, due to potential risks such as premature closure of the ductus arteriosus and impaired fetal renal function. The client should stop taking the medication and consult with the provider for safer alternatives.
D. Increasing the dose of a potentially harmful medication during pregnancy is inappropriate and could increase risk to the fetus.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Rubbing the injection site after insulin administration is not recommended, as it can increase the risk of bruising or irritation. Insulin should be injected into the subcutaneous tissue, and massaging or rubbing the site can cause the insulin to be absorbed too quickly, leading to unpredictable blood sugar levels.
B. Injecting the needle at a 90-degree angle is the correct technique for subcutaneous insulin injection, especially when using shorter needles. A 90-degree angle ensures the insulin is delivered into the subcutaneous tissue.
C. Grasping the skin helps to ensure that the insulin is injected into the subcutaneous layer and not into the muscle, which can affect absorption.
D. Rotating injection sites is important to prevent tissue damage or lipodystrophy (thickening or atrophy of the skin). Following a pattern helps ensure that insulin is injected into different areas for consistent absorption.
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