The nurse is caring for a client with COPD who develops severe shortness of breath upon walking to the bathroom and oxygen saturation of 85% on room air. Which of the following medications would be a priority to treat these symptoms?

Albuterol

Mucolytic

Montelukast

Prednisone

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Albuterol, a bronchodilator, rapidly opens airways in COPD, relieving acute shortness of breath and improving oxygenation from 85% by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle.

Choice B reason: Mucolytics thin mucus over time, not addressing acute dyspnea or low saturation (85%) quickly, lacking the immediacy needed in this scenario.

Choice C reason: Montelukast prevents asthma inflammation long-term via leukotriene blockade, not providing rapid relief for COPD’s acute bronchospasm or hypoxia here.

Choice D reason: Prednisone reduces COPD inflammation systemically, but its slow onset doesn’t acutely reverse shortness of breath or oxygen drop like a bronchodilator.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Decreased body temperature reflects hypothyroidism; levothyroxine raises metabolism, normalizing or increasing temperature, so this isn’t a therapeutic response.

Choice B reason: Increased energy occurs as levothyroxine restores thyroid hormone, boosting metabolism, reversing hypothyroidism’s fatigue, a key sign of effective treatment.

Choice C reason: Weight gain contradicts levothyroxine’s effect; it increases metabolism, aiding weight loss or stabilization, not gain, in hypothyroidism treatment.

Choice D reason: Decreased appetite isn’t typical; levothyroxine may normalize appetite as metabolism rises, not suppress it, differing from hypothyroidism’s effects.

A. The hemodialysis client who is experiencing anuria B. The client diagnosed with cirrhosis who is complaining of itching C. The client diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease who is complaining of pain when walking D. The client diagnosed with lupus who is complaining of chest pain

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Anuria in hemodialysis is expected due to renal failure; it’s not acute unless accompanied by distress, less urgent than chest pain’s potential severity.

Choice B reason: Itching in cirrhosis from bile salts is uncomfortable but not life-threatening, ranking below chest pain, which could indicate critical cardiac or pulmonary issues.

Choice C reason: Pain when walking in PAD (claudication) is chronic and stable, not an immediate threat compared to chest pain, which requires urgent evaluation.

Choice D reason: Chest pain in lupus may signal pericarditis or pleuritis, potentially life-threatening complications, prioritizing assessment for rapid intervention over stable conditions.

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The nurse is caring for a client with COPD who develops severe shortness of breath upon walking to the bathroom and oxygen saturation of 85% on room air. Which of the following medications would be a priority to treat these symptoms?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving levothyroxine for treatment of hypothyroidism. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings is a therapeutic response to this medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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