The nurse is caring for a client with COPD who develops severe shortness of breath upon walking to the bathroom and oxygen saturation of 85% on room air. Which of the following medications would be a priority to treat these symptoms?
Albuterol
Mucolytic
Montelukast
Prednisone
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Albuterol, a bronchodilator, rapidly opens airways in COPD, relieving acute shortness of breath and improving oxygenation from 85% by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle.
Choice B reason: Mucolytics thin mucus over time, not addressing acute dyspnea or low saturation (85%) quickly, lacking the immediacy needed in this scenario.
Choice C reason: Montelukast prevents asthma inflammation long-term via leukotriene blockade, not providing rapid relief for COPD’s acute bronchospasm or hypoxia here.
Choice D reason: Prednisone reduces COPD inflammation systemically, but its slow onset doesn’t acutely reverse shortness of breath or oxygen drop like a bronchodilator.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Thyroid cancer involves malignant thyroid growth, not a consequence of parathyroid damage during surgery, which affects calcium, not cancer risk.
Choice B reason: Goiter is thyroid enlargement from iodine issues or hyperplasia, unrelated to parathyroid damage, which controls calcium, not thyroid size.
Choice C reason: Graves’ disease, hyperthyroidism, results from autoantibodies, not parathyroid injury, which causes hypocalcemia, not thyroid hormone excess.
Choice D reason: Parathyroid damage reduces PTH, dropping calcium levels, leading to tetany—muscle spasms from hypocalcemia, a direct surgical complication.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Bedrest post-liver biopsy prevents bleeding by reducing movement and pressure on the puncture site, a standard protocol, so this statement is correct.
Choice B reason: Lying on the right side, not left, applies pressure to the liver biopsy site (right upper quadrant), preventing bleeding. Left-side positioning is incorrect and risky.
Choice C reason: Stopping warfarin, an anticoagulant, a week prior reduces bleeding risk during biopsy, a necessary step, making this statement accurate and appropriate.
Choice D reason: Liver biopsy diagnoses cancer by examining tissue for malignant cells, confirming the procedure’s purpose, so this statement aligns with clinical intent.
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