Which of the following medications are going to dilate the coronary arteries and redirect blood flow so that ischemic tissue is oxygenated?
Salmeterol
Aspirin
Digoxin
Nitroglycerin
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Salmeterol, a long-acting bronchodilator, opens airways in asthma or COPD but doesn’t dilate coronary arteries or improve cardiac ischemia, targeting lungs instead.
Choice B reason: Aspirin prevents clotting by inhibiting platelet aggregation, reducing ischemia risk, but it doesn’t directly dilate coronary arteries or acutely redirect blood flow.
Choice C reason: Digoxin increases cardiac contractility in heart failure, improving output, but it doesn’t dilate coronary vessels or specifically oxygenate ischemic myocardium.
Choice D reason: Nitroglycerin, a vasodilator, relaxes coronary arteries, increasing blood flow to ischemic areas, relieving angina by enhancing oxygen delivery to the heart muscle.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: ESRD impairs fluid excretion, causing hypervolemia, leading to edema, crackles from pulmonary fluid, and hypertension from increased vascular volume, matching these symptoms.
Choice B reason: Hypovolemia, low fluid volume, causes hypotension and dry tissues, not swelling, crackles, or high blood pressure, which indicate excess fluid, not deficit.
Choice C reason: Hyperkalemia elevates potassium, causing arrhythmias or muscle issues, not directly linked to crackles, edema, or hypertension, which are fluid-related in ESRD.
Choice D reason: Hyponatremia, low sodium, may cause neurological symptoms, but crackles, edema, and hypertension point to fluid overload, not sodium imbalance primarily.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hypoparathyroidism lowers PTH, reducing phosphorus excretion, raising serum levels as kidneys reabsorb more, while calcium drops, a classic imbalance.
Choice B reason: Calcium decreases in hypoparathyroidism due to low PTH, impairing bone resorption and gut absorption, opposite to being high, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Magnesium isn’t directly regulated by PTH; hypoparathyroidism doesn’t consistently elevate it, staying normal unless other factors intervene.
Choice D reason: Potassium is unaffected by hypoparathyroidism, controlled by aldosterone and kidneys, not PTH, so it doesn’t rise with this condition.
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