The nurse is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus. Which laboratory finding is consistent with this condition?
Elevated urine specific gravity.
Hypernatremia.
Low serum osmolality.
Hypouricemia.
The Correct Answer is B
Hypernatremia, or elevated sodium levels, is a common laboratory finding in clients with diabetes insipidus due to the excessive loss of water in urine.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Elevated urine specific gravity is not typically seen in diabetes insipidus; instead, urine specific gravity is often diluted.
c. This choice is incorrect. Low serum osmolality is not characteristic of diabetes insipidus, which is associated with concentrated serum.
d. This choice is incorrect. Hypouricemia refers to low levels of uric acid and is not directly related to diabetes insipidus.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Clients with diabetes insipidus should maintain a balanced and adequate diet to ensure proper nutrition and hydration. While fluid intake may need to be monitored, severe fluid restriction is not typically necessary.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Avoiding all sources of dietary sodium is not a standard dietary recommendation for diabetes insipidus. Sodium balance is important for overall health.
b. This choice is incorrect. There is no specific indication for a high-protein diet in the management of diabetes insipidus.
c. This choice is incorrect. Limiting fluid intake to 1 liter per day may not be appropriate for all clients and should be based on individual needs and medical guidance.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Clients with diabetes insipidus may experience electrolyte imbalances, including hypernatremia and hyperkalemia. Monitoring serum potassium levels is important to prevent complications.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Administering diuretics is not appropriate for a client with diabetes insipidus, as they are already experiencing excessive fluid loss.
b. This choice is incorrect. While encouraging fluid intake is important, excessive fluid intake may exacerbate fluid loss in clients with diabetes insipidus.
d. This choice is incorrect. Antidiabetic medications are used to manage diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.
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