Which diagnostic test is commonly used to differentiate between central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
Water deprivation test.
Blood glucose test.
Thyroid function test.
Serum creatinine test.
The Correct Answer is A
The water deprivation test is commonly used to differentiate between central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. It involves withholding fluids and monitoring urine output and concentration.
Incorrect choices:
b. This choice is incorrect. A blood glucose test is used to diagnose and monitor diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.
c. This choice is incorrect. A thyroid function test is not directly related to the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus.
d. This choice is incorrect. A serum creatinine test assesses kidney function but is not specific to diabetes insipidus diagnosis.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is characterized by a lack of response to ADH by the kidneys, resulting in decreased water reabsorption and increased urine output.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Central diabetes insipidus is characterized by inadequate production or release of ADH from the hypothalamus or pituitary gland.
c. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes insipidus occurs during pregnancy and is rare.
d. This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes insipidus is not a recognized classification of diabetes insipidus.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Excessive urine output in diabetes insipidus can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypernatremia (elevated sodium levels).
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) is not a typical consequence of diabetes insipidus.
c. This choice is incorrect. Hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) is not a typical consequence of diabetes insipidus.
d. This choice is incorrect. Hypoglycemia is not a typical consequence of diabetes insipidus.
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