Which diagnostic test measures the concentration of electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, in the blood and may reveal abnormalities related to fluid and electrolyte balance in diabetes insipidus?
Glucose tolerance test.
Serum electrolyte panel.
Water deprivation test.
Desmopressin stimulation test.
The Correct Answer is B
A serum electrolyte panel measures the concentration of various electrolytes in the blood and can reveal abnormalities related to fluid and electrolyte balance, which may be present in diabetes insipidus.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. The glucose tolerance test is used to diagnose diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.
c. This choice is incorrect. The water deprivation test is used to diagnose diabetes insipidus and assess the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine.
d. This choice is incorrect. The desmopressin stimulation test involves administering synthetic ADH to differentiate between central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is more commonly acquired as a result of kidney disease, medications, electrolyte imbalances, or other factors that affect the kidney's response to ADH.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Central diabetes insipidus is not commonly acquired due to kidney disease or medications.
c. This choice is incorrect. Congenital diabetes insipidus refers to cases present from birth and is not typically acquired.
d. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes insipidus is a rare condition that occurs during pregnancy and is not commonly acquired due to kidney disease or medications.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Excessive urine output in diabetes insipidus can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypernatremia (elevated sodium levels).
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) is not a typical consequence of diabetes insipidus.
c. This choice is incorrect. Hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) is not a typical consequence of diabetes insipidus.
d. This choice is incorrect. Hypoglycemia is not a typical consequence of diabetes insipidus.
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