The nurse is caring for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus who reports frequent episodes of hypoglycemia. Which action should the nurse prioritize?

Increase carbohydrate intake at meals

Review the client’s medication regimen

Monitor blood glucose every hour

Encourage high-protein snacks

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Increasing carbohydrate intake may prevent hypoglycemia but does not address the root cause, such as excessive insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents. Reviewing medications identifies dosing issues, ensuring safer management of type 2 diabetes, making it the priority over dietary changes.

Choice B reason: Reviewing the medication regimen is critical, as hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes often results from excessive insulin or sulfonylureas. Adjusting doses or timing with a provider prevents recurrent episodes, addressing the primary cause and ensuring safe glycemic control, making it the priority action.

Choice C reason: Monitoring blood glucose hourly is reactive and impractical long-term. It confirms hypoglycemia but does not prevent it. Reviewing medications addresses the cause, such as inappropriate dosing, making it more effective for managing recurrent hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes.

Choice D reason: High-protein snacks stabilize blood glucose but are secondary to addressing medication-related hypoglycemia. Excessive insulin or oral agents are likely causes, so reviewing the regimen is prioritized to correct dosing, preventing recurrent episodes more effectively than dietary adjustments alone.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Weight-bearing exercises, like walking, stimulate bone formation by increasing osteoblast activity, improving bone density in osteoporosis. This reduces fracture risk, making it a key intervention to strengthen bones and enhance balance, preventing falls, which is critical for osteoporosis management.

Choice B reason: Restricting calcium-rich foods is inappropriate, as calcium is essential for bone health in osteoporosis. Dietary calcium supports bone mineralization, reducing fracture risk. Weight-bearing exercises are prioritized, as they directly enhance bone strength, unlike dietary restrictions that weaken bones.

Choice C reason: Limiting vitamin D supplementation is incorrect, as vitamin D enhances calcium absorption, supporting bone health in osteoporosis. Weight-bearing exercises are the priority, as they mechanically stimulate bone remodeling, improving density and reducing fracture risk more directly than supplements.

Choice D reason: Promoting bed rest increases bone loss in osteoporosis by reducing mechanical stress, which stimulates bone formation. Weight-bearing exercises are essential, as they enhance bone density and strength, preventing fractures, making bed rest counterproductive to osteoporosis management.

A. Age over 40 years B. Daily walking 2 to 3 miles C. Low-fat diet D. Male gender

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Age over 40 increases cholelithiasis risk due to reduced gallbladder motility and increased bile cholesterol saturation, promoting gallstone formation. Aging alters bile composition, with higher lithogenic potential, making older adults more susceptible to cholesterol gallstones, a primary type in Western populations.

Choice B reason: Daily walking of 2 to 3 miles reduces cholelithiasis risk by promoting physical activity, which enhances gallbladder motility and reduces bile stasis. Exercise lowers cholesterol levels in bile, decreasing stone formation, making this a protective factor rather than a risk.

Choice C reason: A low-fat diet decreases cholelithiasis risk by reducing dietary cholesterol intake, which lowers bile cholesterol saturation. This promotes healthier bile composition, reducing the likelihood of cholesterol gallstone formation, making it a protective dietary habit rather than a risk factor.

Choice D reason: Male gender is associated with a lower risk of cholelithiasis compared to females, who have higher estrogen levels that increase bile cholesterol. Men have less lithogenic bile, making gender a protective factor, not a significant risk, unlike age-related changes.

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The nurse is caring for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus who reports frequent episodes of hypoglycemia. Which action should the nurse prioritize?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

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