The nurse is caring for a group of patients on a medical surgical unit. Which of the following patients is at most risk for developing gout?

A 39-year-old female hospitalized with anorexia nervosa and has a BMI of 14

A 56-year-old male who is consuming foods low in purines

A 5-year-old male with a BMI of 24 who reports a vegetarian diet

A female with ulcerative colitis .

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Anorexia nervosa is a condition characterized by severe weight loss and malnutrition. People with anorexia nervosa are often deficient in nutrients, including purines. Purines are broken down in the body to produce uric acid. When there is an excess of purines in the body, uric acid levels can rise, leading to gout.

Choice B is incorrect. While consuming foods low in purines can help to prevent gout attacks, it is not a risk factor for developing gout.
Choice C is incorrect. Children are not at risk for developing gout. Gout is more common in adults, especially men.
Choice D is incorrect. Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease that is not associated with an increased risk of gout.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
Acute retroviral syndrome (ARS) is an early stage of HIV infection that often presents with flu-like symptoms. It does not determine AIDS diagnosis.

Choice B rationale:
A CD4+ T lymphocyte level of less than 200 cells/mm is a defining criterion for AIDS diagnosis. This low count indicates a severely weakened immune system, leading to susceptibility to opportunistic infections and other AIDS-defining illnesses.

Choice C rationale:
A person with HIV can transmit the virus to others regardless of their CD4+ T cell count. Transmission risk is not a diagnostic criterion for AIDS.

Choice D rationale:
HIV-specific antibodies are produced by the immune system in response to HIV infection but their presence does not signify AIDS progression.

A. Palpation of the patient's lymph nodes B. Auscultation of the patient's apical heart rate C. Palpation of the patient's liver D. Percussion of the patient's abdomen

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped structures that play a crucial role in the immune system. They filter lymph fluid, which carries white blood cells and other immune cells throughout the body.
When the body is fighting an infection or other immune challenge, lymph nodes often swell and become tender. This is because they are actively working to filter out pathogens and activate immune cells.
Palpation of the lymph nodes can provide valuable information about the patient's immune function. The nurse can assess for enlargement, tenderness, and mobility of the lymph nodes.
Lymph node assessment is a non-invasive, painless procedure that can be performed quickly and easily.
Choice B rationale:
Auscultation of the apical heart rate is important for assessing cardiovascular function, but it does not directly assess immune function.
While heart rate can be indirectly affected by certain immune conditions (e.g., fever), it is not a primary indicator of immune system activity.
Choice C rationale:
Palpation of the liver can provide information about liver size and consistency, but it does not directly assess immune function.
The liver plays a role in immune function by producing proteins that help fight infection, but its size and consistency do not necessarily reflect its immune activity.
Choice D rationale:
Percussion of the abdomen can be used to assess the size and location of abdominal organs, but it does not directly assess immune function.
While certain immune conditions may involve abdominal organs (e.g., splenomegaly), percussion is not a primary method for assessing immune function.

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The nurse is caring for a group of patients on a medical surgical unit. Which of the following patients is at most risk for developing gout?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who abused intravenous drugs was diagnosed with the human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) several years ago. The nurse explains that the diagnostic criterion for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been met when the client:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is completing a focused assessment addressing a client's immune function. What should the nurse prioritize in the physical assessment?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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