The nurse is caring for a patient who is lethargic and dehydrated. Arterial blood gas (ABG) results show pH 7.50, PaO2 85 mmHg, PaCO2 45 mmHg, HCO3 35 mEq/L. What acid-base imbalance will the nurse recognize the patient is at risk for?

Respiratory alkalosis, uncompensated

Respiratory acidosis, partially compensated

Metabolic acidosis, uncompensated

Metabolic alkalosis, partially compensated

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Respiratory alkalosis with uncompensated imbalance would show a low PaCO2, not a normal value.

Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis with partially compensated imbalance would show a low pH and high PaCO2 with an elevated bicarbonate level.

Choice C reason: Metabolic acidosis with uncompensated imbalance would show a low pH and low bicarbonate level.

Choice D reason: Metabolic alkalosis with partially compensated imbalance is indicated by the elevated pH and bicarbonate level, while

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Foot ulcers and delayed wound healing are related to diabetes but are considered macrovascular complications. Microvascular complications specifically refer to damage to small blood vessels.

Choice B reason: Stroke prevention and cardiac health are important but are related to macrovascular complications of diabetes. The focus here is on microvascular complications.

Choice C reason: Retinopathy and nephropathy are microvascular complications of diabetes. These conditions result from damage to small blood vessels in the eyes and kidneys, respectively. Diabetic retinopathy can lead to vision loss, while diabetic nephropathy can lead to kidney failure. It is important to monitor for these complications and manage blood glucose levels to prevent or slow their progression.

Choice D reason: Hypertension management and cholesterol control are important for overall cardiovascular health but are related to macrovascular complications. The discussion should focus on microvascular complications specific to diabetes.

A. Increase vitamin D levels with regular sun exposure. B. Utilize an evidence-based smoking cessation program. C. Eliminate all gluten, dairy, and seed oils from the diet. D. Avoid receiving the influenza, COVID, and shingles vaccine.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Increasing vitamin D levels with regular sun exposure may be beneficial for overall health but is not specifically targeted at preventing flares and complications of SLE. SLE patients are often advised to avoid excessive sun exposure as it can trigger flares and exacerbate symptoms.

Choice B reason: Utilizing an evidence-based smoking cessation program is important for SLE patients, as smoking can worsen the symptoms and complications associated with the disease. Smoking has been linked to increased disease activity, higher risk of cardiovascular complications, and reduced effectiveness of certain medications in SLE patients. Quitting smoking can improve overall health outcomes and reduce the risk of flares and complications.

Choice C reason: Eliminating all gluten, dairy, and seed oils from the diet is not universally recommended for SLE patients. While some patients may have specific dietary triggers or intolerances, there is no broad evidence suggesting that such eliminations are necessary for all SLE patients. A balanced, nutritious diet tailored to the individual's needs is more appropriate.

Choice D reason: Avoiding the influenza, COVID, and shingles vaccines is not recommended for SLE patients. In fact, vaccinations can help prevent infections that could trigger SLE flares or complications. It is important for SLE patients to discuss their vaccination schedule with their healthcare provider to ensure they are appropriately protected.

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The nurse is caring for a patient who is lethargic and dehydrated. Arterial blood gas (ABG) results show pH 7.50, PaO2 85 mmHg, PaCO2 45 mmHg, HCO3 35 mEq/L. What acid-base imbalance will the nurse recognize the patient is at risk for?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is discussing microvascular complications of diabetes with a patient. What topics will the nurse include in the discussion?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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