The nurse is caring for a patient with recurrent prostate cancer who is scheduled to begin treatment with immunotherapy medication.
During patient teaching, which statement by the patient will indicate a need for further teaching by the nurse?

"You will monitor me for flu-like symptoms during my immunotherapy infusions.”

"I do not have to worry about losing my hair after this treatment.”

"Immunotherapy uses my own immune system to help fight the cancer.”

"This therapy will prevent me from getting hospital-acquired infections.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is Choice D.

Choice A rationale

Monitoring for flu-like symptoms during immunotherapy infusions is crucial because these medications can cause cytokine release syndrome. Symptoms like fever, chills, fatigue, and muscle aches are common side effects of immunotherapy and require close monitoring to manage and mitigate adverse reactions.

Choice B rationale

Immunotherapy generally does not cause hair loss, unlike traditional chemotherapy. Hair loss occurs because chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cells, including hair follicle cells. Immunotherapy works by enhancing the body's immune response to cancer cells without targeting hair follicles.

Choice C rationale

Immunotherapy leverages the patient's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. It enhances the body's natural defenses by boosting immune system activity or by counteracting signals produced by cancer cells that suppress immune responses.

Choice D rationale

Immunotherapy does not prevent hospital-acquired infections. While it strengthens the immune system against cancer, it does not provide general protection against pathogens causing nosocomial infections. Patients undergoing immunotherapy should still follow standard precautions to avoid infections.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Filgrastim (G-CSF) is used to stimulate the production of white blood cells to decrease the risk of infection. A formed bowel movement is unrelated to the specific outcomes of this medication.

Choice B rationale

While filgrastim can improve overall blood cell counts, its primary goal is to enhance neutrophil counts, rather than addressing skin petechiae or purpura, which may be related to platelet levels.

Choice C rationale

Filgrastim does not target gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea. Instead, it is aimed at restoring neutrophil levels to reduce infection risk.

Choice D rationale

Filgrastim is specifically designed to increase neutrophil counts, thus helping the patient to be free from infections by discharge, which is a SMART goal.

A. Regular insulin 10 units subcutaneous. B. Chlorothiazide 750 mg intravenous. C. Calcitonin 300 international units subcutaneous. D. Calcitriol 0.75 mcg orally.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Regular insulin 10 units subcutaneous is used to lower blood glucose levels in hyperkalemia. While insulin can help shift potassium into cells, it is not indicated for hypercalcemia or hyperparathyroidism. Regular insulin would not address the elevated calcium levels in this patient.

Choice B rationale

Chlorothiazide 750 mg intravenous is a diuretic that can increase calcium reabsorption in the kidneys, potentially worsening hypercalcemia. It is contraindicated in hyperparathyroidism because it can exacerbate the high calcium levels and associated symptoms.

Choice C rationale

Calcitonin 300 international units subcutaneous is the correct choice for this patient. Calcitonin inhibits osteoclast activity, reducing bone resorption and lowering serum calcium levels. It provides rapid but short-term control of hypercalcemia, which is crucial for managing acute symptoms of hyperparathyroidism.

Choice D rationale

Calcitriol 0.75 mcg orally is an active form of vitamin D that increases calcium absorption in the gut. It is used to manage hypocalcemia, not hypercalcemia. Administering calcitriol would further elevate the already high calcium levels, worsening the patient's condition.

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The nurse is caring for a patient with recurrent prostate cancer who is scheduled to begin treatment with immunotherapy medication.During patient teaching, which statement by the patient will indicate a need for further teaching by the nurse?

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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The nurse is caring for a patient with recurrent prostate cancer who is scheduled to begin treatment with immunotherapy medication.
During patient teaching, which statement by the patient will indicate a need for further teaching by the nurse?