The nurse is caring for a toddler with a large, unrepaired ventricular septal defect and heart failure.
What assessment finding should the nurse expect?

Blood pressure variance across extremities.

Hypotension.

Tachycardia.

Pulse oximetry reading within defined limits.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Blood pressure variance across extremities is not typically associated with unrepaired ventricular septal defect and heart failure in a toddler.

Choice B rationale

Hypotension is not a typical finding in toddlers with unrepaired ventricular septal defect and heart failure.

Choice C rationale

Tachycardia, or a fast heart rate, is a common symptom in toddlers with unrepaired ventricular septal defect and heart failure. This is because the heart has to work harder to pump blood through the body.

Choice D rationale

While a pulse oximetry reading within defined limits is ideal, it is not a typical finding in toddlers with unrepaired ventricular septal defect and heart failure.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is choice B: Thick, muffled voice.

Choice B rationale: A thick, muffled voice is a characteristic symptom of epiglottitis. The inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis cause an obstruction in the airway, leading to changes in the child's voice quality.

Choice A rationale: High-pitched wheezing is typically associated with conditions affecting the lower airways, such as asthma or bronchiolitis. Epiglottitis primarily affects the upper airway, causing stridor (a high-pitched, harsh sound during inhalation) rather than wheezing.

Choice C rationale: Purulent nasal discharge is not a typical symptom of epiglottitis. Epiglottitis usually presents with minimal or no secretions, while purulent discharge is more commonly seen in bacterial infections like sinusitis or pneumonia.

Choice D rationale: A productive cough is not a common symptom of epiglottitis. Coughing is associated with conditions affecting the lower respiratory tract, such as bronchitis or pneumonia. Epiglottitis primarily affects the upper airway, causing difficulty breathing and a characteristic "thick, muffled voice."

A. Variance in blood pressure across extremities. B. Hypotension. C. Tachycardia. D. Pulse oximetry reading within defined limits.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Variance in blood pressure across extremities is not typically associated with ventricular septal defects (VSDs). VSDs are characterized by a hole in the heart that allows oxygen-rich blood to move back into the lungs instead of being pumped to the rest of the body.

Choice B rationale

Hypotension is not a common symptom of VSDs. Instead, these defects can cause increased blood pressure in the lungs due to the abnormal flow of blood.

Choice C rationale

Tachycardia, or a rapid heart rate, is a common symptom of VSDs, especially in cases where the defect is medium or large. This is because the heart needs to work harder to pump blood, leading to an increased heart rate.

Choice D rationale

While pulse oximetry readings within defined limits could be seen in small VSDs, in larger defects or those causing heart failure, oxygen saturation levels might be lower due to the abnormal circulation of blood.

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The nurse is caring for a toddler with a large, unrepaired ventricular septal defect and heart failure. What assessment finding should the nurse expect?

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 3-year-old male was brought into the emergency room this morning with a sudden onset of “fast and noisy breathing”. What other symptoms is the nurse likely to note in a child diagnosed with epiglottitis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a toddler with a large, unrepaired ventricular septal defect and heart failure. What assessment finding should the nurse anticipate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

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The nurse is caring for a toddler with a large, unrepaired ventricular septal defect and heart failure.
What assessment finding should the nurse expect?