The nurse is caring for a woman with a family history of breast cancer who received a positive result on a breast tumor marker test.
The patient is requesting a bilateral mastectomy.
This is an example of which type of oncologic treatment?

Diagnostic surgery.

Palliative surgery.

Prophylactic surgery.

Reconstructive surgery.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Diagnostic surgery involves procedures done to confirm a diagnosis, such as a biopsy. In this case, the patient has already received a positive result on a breast tumor marker test, so the purpose of surgery is not to diagnose but to prevent the development of breast cancer.

Choice B rationale

Palliative surgery is performed to relieve symptoms or improve quality of life in patients with serious illnesses, often in advanced stages of cancer. The patient’s request for a bilateral mastectomy is not intended to alleviate symptoms but rather to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer.

Choice C rationale

Prophylactic surgery is performed to reduce the risk of cancer in patients with a high predisposition to certain cancers, such as those with a family history or genetic mutations like BRCA1 or BRCA2. The patient’s request for a bilateral mastectomy falls into this category, as it aims to prevent the potential future development of breast cancer.

Choice D rationale

Reconstructive surgery is performed to restore the appearance or function of body parts after trauma, surgery, or congenital defects. While patients undergoing mastectomies may later opt for reconstructive surgery to restore breast appearance, the patient’s current request for a bilateral mastectomy is to proactively prevent breast cancer, not for reconstruction purposes. .

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Hypercalcemia is common in patients with bone metastasis. Symptoms include weakness, fatigue, confusion, and excessive thirst. The nurse should notify the provider and draw blood to obtain the ionized calcium level for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Choice B rationale

Tumor lysis syndrome typically occurs in patients with rapidly proliferating tumors undergoing treatment, leading to the release of intracellular contents. Symptoms include hyperuricemia, not excessive thirst. This choice does not match the patient's presentation.

Choice C rationale

While infection can cause weakness and confusion, it does not typically cause extreme thirst. The patient's symptoms are more indicative of hypercalcemia, making this choice less relevant.

Choice D rationale

Bleeding can cause weakness and confusion due to anemia, but it does not cause extreme thirst. The symptoms of the patient are more aligned with hypercalcemia than bleeding.

A. Dysmenorrhea. B. Constipation. C. Sore throat. D. Increased urine output.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Dysmenorrhea, or painful menstrual cramps, is not a common side effect of propylthiouracil (PTU). PTU is used to manage hyperthyroidism, and it primarily affects the thyroid gland and related metabolic processes. Dysmenorrhea is typically related to reproductive system disorders and hormonal changes, rather than the medication for thyroid conditions.

Choice B rationale

Constipation is also not a typical symptom associated with propylthiouracil (PTU). PTU's effects are focused on thyroid hormone production, and constipation is more commonly related to other factors such as diet, hydration, and gastrointestinal conditions. Reporting constipation would not be as relevant in the context of PTU therapy.

Choice C rationale

Sore throat is a significant symptom to report as it can indicate agranulocytosis, a rare but severe side effect of propylthiouracil (PTU). Agranulocytosis is a condition where the body has a dangerously low number of white blood cells, which compromises the immune system, making infections more likely and harder to fight off. Early detection and intervention are crucial to prevent serious complications.

Choice D rationale

Increased urine output is not typically associated with propylthiouracil (PTU). While changes in metabolism can occur, increased urine output is more often related to other conditions such as diabetes mellitus or diuretic use. Reporting this symptom would not directly relate to PTU therapy.

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The nurse is caring for a woman with a family history of breast cancer who received a positive result on a breast tumor marker test.The patient is requesting a bilateral mastectomy.This is an example of which type of oncologic treatment?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient with stage IV metastatic breast cancer, who has metastasis to the bone.During assessment, the patient appears severely weak, fatigued, confused, and continually repeats "I'm so thirsty!” What will the nurse implement in the patient's plan of care?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient with Graves' disease who has a prescription for propylthiouracil (PTU) 300 mg orally every 8 hours.Which symptom will the nurse teach the patient to report to the healthcare provider?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism who has a new prescription for levothyroxine 50 mcg orally.Which interventions will the nurse include in the plan of care? Select All That Apply.

The nurse is caring for a woman with a family history of breast cancer who received a positive result on a breast tumor marker test.
The patient is requesting a bilateral mastectomy.
This is an example of which type of oncologic treatment?