The nurse is caring for an older adult client with cranial arteritis. The nurse should understand that this type of headache is caused by which of the following mechanisms?

Vasodilation

Inflammation

Muscle tension

Brain tumor

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. While vasodilation can contribute to some types of headaches, such as migraines, cranial arteritis (also known as temporal arteritis) is not primarily caused by vasodilation.
B. Cranial arteritis is an inflammatory condition affecting the lining of the arteries, particularly the temporal arteries. The inflammation causes the headache and can lead to serious complications like vision loss if not treated promptly with corticosteroids.
C. Muscle tension is the typical cause of tension-type headaches, not cranial arteritis.
D. A brain tumor may cause headaches, but it is not the mechanism behind cranial arteritis. Cranial arteritis is a vascular inflammatory disorder.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hypothyroidism increases the risk for heart disease. The low thyroid hormone levels can lead to higher levels of cholesterol (especially LDL cholesterol) and increased blood pressure, which are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Additionally, hypothyroidism can slow down heart rate and decrease the heart's pumping efficiency, further contributing to heart problems.
B. Hypothyroidism does not directly increase the risk of chronic lung disorders. While it can cause respiratory issues such as shortness of breath or decreased exercise tolerance, it is not specifically linked to lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
C. While hypothyroidism can cause symptoms such as cognitive impairment, depression, and slowing of neurological functions, it does not directly increase the risk of other neurological disorders.
D. While hypothyroidism can contribute to some kidney dysfunction (like mild hyponatremia), it is not a direct risk factor for renal disease. However, untreated hypothyroidism could lead to worsening kidney function over time.

A. This disorder is more common in men than women. B. Low thyroid hormone levels may increase the heart rate. C. Hypothyroidism can cause extreme fatigue. D. People often lose weight unexpectedly when they have this condition.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hypothyroidism is actually more common in women than men, particularly in middle-aged and older women.
B. Low thyroid hormone levels typically lead to a slower heart rate (bradycardia), not an increased heart rate.
C. Hypothyroidism can cause extreme fatigue is correct. Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of hypothyroidism due to the slowed metabolic processes resulting from low levels of thyroid hormones.
D. Hypothyroidism is associated with weight gain, not weight loss, due to a slowed metabolism. Unexpected weight loss is more commonly seen in hyperthyroidism.

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The nurse is caring for an older adult client with cranial arteritis. The nurse should understand that this type of headache is caused by which of the following mechanisms?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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