The nurse is administering prescribed lispro (Humalog) to a client with diabetes mellitus, type 2. The nurse should administer the insulin at which of the following times?
30 minutes before meals
10 minutes before meals
2 hours before meals
1 hour before meals
The Correct Answer is B
A. Lispro (Humalog) is a rapid-acting insulin, and it should typically be administered about 15 minutes before or right after a meal. Administering it 30 minutes before a meal would be too early for optimal control of blood sugar levels.
B. Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin, and it is generally administered 10 to 15 minutes before a meal. This timing allows the insulin to start working quickly to manage the rise in blood glucose after eating.
C. Administering lispro 2 hours before a meal would not align with the expected timing of its action and could result in suboptimal blood glucose control.
D. While rapid-acting insulin like lispro works quickly, administering it 1 hour before a meal is not ideal. It’s best to administer it closer to the time of the meal to match the peak of insulin activity with the rise in blood sugar from the meal.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Chocolate is actually a common trigger for migraines in some people, due to its caffeine content and the presence of other compounds that can provoke migraines. It’s better to avoid chocolate if it is a known trigger.
B. Oral contraceptives can sometimes trigger migraines in women, especially those with a history of migraines. The hormonal fluctuations associated with oral contraceptive use can be a potential trigger for some individuals.
C. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule is an important lifestyle change for migraine prevention. Irregular sleep patterns or poor-quality sleep are common triggers for migraines. A consistent sleep routine helps regulate the body’s circadian rhythms and may help reduce migraine frequency.
D. Bright lighting can actually trigger migraines in some people. It’s better to avoid glare and use softer, dimmer lighting, especially in environments where you spend a lot of time.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Foot care is crucial for individuals with diabetes due to the increased risk of neuropathy and poor circulation. Daily inspection for cuts, blisters, or other injuries is vital to prevent infections and complications, such as diabetic ulcers or amputations.
B. Heating pads should not be used by people with diabetes, as they may not be able to feel the heat due to diabetic neuropathy. This increases the risk of burns and injury. It is safer to use other methods for warming hands and feet, such as wearing socks or gloves.
C. People with diabetes are at an increased risk for infections, including pneumonia. The pneumonia vaccine (PPSV23 and/or PCV13) is recommended for individuals with diabetes to help reduce the risk of pneumonia. This statement is false.
D. People with diabetes should have regular eye examinations, but they should be scheduled annually, not every 5 years. Diabetes can lead to diabetic retinopathy, which can cause vision loss if not monitored and treated promptly. Annual eye exams are recommended to detect any changes early.
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