The nurse is administering prescribed lispro (Humalog) to a client with diabetes mellitus, type 2. The nurse should administer the insulin at which of the following times?

30 minutes before meals

10 minutes before meals

2 hours before meals

1 hour before meals

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Lispro (Humalog) is a rapid-acting insulin, and it should typically be administered about 15 minutes before or right after a meal. Administering it 30 minutes before a meal would be too early for optimal control of blood sugar levels.
B. Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin, and it is generally administered 10 to 15 minutes before a meal. This timing allows the insulin to start working quickly to manage the rise in blood glucose after eating.
C. Administering lispro 2 hours before a meal would not align with the expected timing of its action and could result in suboptimal blood glucose control.
D. While rapid-acting insulin like lispro works quickly, administering it 1 hour before a meal is not ideal. It’s best to administer it closer to the time of the meal to match the peak of insulin activity with the rise in blood sugar from the meal.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Clients with advanced Parkinson’s disease often have difficulty with swallowing, fine motor control, and coordination, which can make eating challenging. Assisting with meals helps ensure the client receives adequate nutrition.
B. Swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) are common in advanced Parkinson's disease, increasing the risk for aspiration. The nurse should monitor for signs of aspiration and take precautions (e.g., providing thickened liquids, upright positioning) to reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia.
C. While it’s important to monitor weight in Parkinson’s disease, monthly monitoring may not be frequent enough. Weight should be assessed more regularly (e.g., weekly) because individuals with advanced Parkinson's disease may have difficulty eating enough, leading to weight loss.
D. If the client is having difficulty eating enough during regular meals due to swallowing difficulties or fatigue, supplemental feedings (e.g., via tube feeding or liquid supplements) may be necessary to maintain nutrition and prevent weight loss.
E. A dietary consult can help provide guidance on modifying the diet to address swallowing difficulties, ensure adequate caloric intake, and prevent complications such as malnutrition or aspiration.

A. "Look directly at the person you are talking to." B. "Stop to take a breath after each word." C. "Use a hearing aid to improve communication." D. "Try to speak louder and faster."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Look directly at the person you are talking to helps enhance communication by using facial expressions and visual cues, which can compensate for the soft, monotone, or slurred speech often seen in clients with Parkinson’s disease.
B. Stopping to take a breath after each word would make speech more fragmented and harder to follow. It is not a recommended strategy.
C. A hearing aid would help the listener if they had hearing loss, but it does not assist the client with Parkinson’s who is having difficulty speaking, not hearing.
D. Speaking louder may help, but speaking faster is counterproductive. Clients with Parkinson’s often benefit from slower, more deliberate speech and may work with a speech therapist to use strategies like the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT), which focuses on increasing vocal loudness—not speed.

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The nurse is administering prescribed lispro (Humalog) to a client with diabetes mellitus, type 2. The nurse should administer the insulin at which of the following times?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is planning care for an older adult client with advanced Parkinson's disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease who has difficulty speaking. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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