The nurse is caring for clients on a busy cardiac unit. Following morning assessment, the nurse would notify the physician with which of the following symptoms?

Dyspnea when ambulating from the bathroom

A noted irregular pulse rate prior to Lanoxin (digoxin) administration

Pulsus paradoxus on vital sign assessment

Cyanosis with a pulse oximetry level of 92%

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Dyspnea when ambulating from the bathroom: Mild exertional dyspnea is common in cardiac clients and may not require immediate provider notification unless it worsens or becomes unrelieved with rest.
B. A noted irregular pulse rate prior to Lanoxin (digoxin) administration: An irregular pulse may warrant holding the medication and further assessment, but it is not always an emergency unless associated with hemodynamic instability or bradycardia.
C. Pulsus paradoxus on vital sign assessment: Pulsus paradoxus, a significant drop in systolic blood pressure during inspiration, may indicate cardiac tamponade or severe pericardial effusion. It is a critical finding that requires immediate medical attention.
D. Cyanosis with a pulse oximetry level of 92%: While cyanosis is concerning, a SpO₂ of 92% may be acceptable for some cardiac or pulmonary patients. Further monitoring is needed, but it may not require urgent notification unless oxygen levels drop further.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Congenital neural tube defect: This condition affects the central nervous system and is unrelated to the structure or function of the heart valves. It does not contribute to the development of mitral regurgitation.
B. Pacemaker inserted 2 years ago: While a pacemaker reflects a history of cardiac rhythm issues, it does not directly affect the mitral valve. It provides less diagnostic value for assessing structural valve disorders.
C. One-pack-a-day smoker for 20 years: Smoking is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular problems like hypertension. While these can indirectly affect the heart, smoking is not a primary cause of mitral valve damage leading to regurgitation.
D. Rheumatic fever: Rheumatic fever is a leading cause of mitral valve damage, often resulting in regurgitation due to scarring and deformation of the valve as a complication of untreated or poorly treated strep throat infection. This history is highly relevant and provides strong diagnostic value.

A. Eroded teeth enamel B. Younger onset than anorexia nervosa C. Denial of abnormal eating habits D. Overweight or normal weight E. Admits to purging and binging F. Appears thin but feels fat

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Eroded teeth enamel: Frequent vomiting in bulimia nervosa exposes teeth to stomach acid, leading to enamel erosion. This is a classic physical sign associated with purging behavior.
B. Younger onset than anorexia nervosa: Bulimia nervosa typically has a later onset than anorexia nervosa, often emerging in late adolescence or early adulthood. This statement is inaccurate for distinguishing between the two disorders.
C. Denial of abnormal eating habits: Clients with bulimia nervosa are often aware of their disordered eating behaviors and may express guilt or shame. Denial is more characteristic of anorexia nervosa.
D. Overweight or normal weight: Unlike individuals with anorexia, those with bulimia usually maintain a normal or slightly above-average weight, due to cycles of binge eating and purging rather than extreme caloric restriction.
E. Admits to purging and binging: Admission of binging and purging episodes is a key behavioral characteristic of bulimia nervosa. Clients may describe eating large amounts of food followed by self-induced vomiting or use of laxatives.
F. Appears thin but feels fat: This perception is more commonly associated with anorexia nervosa, where body image distortion is profound despite extreme thinness. Bulimia clients often have less severe weight loss.

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The nurse is caring for clients on a busy cardiac unit. Following morning assessment, the nurse would notify the physician with which of the following symptoms?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

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