The nurse understands that which cells circulate throughout the body looking for virus-infected cells and cancer cells?

Natural killer cells

Cytokines

Interleukins

Interferons

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Natural killer cells: Natural killer (NK) cells are a type of lymphocyte that patrol the body, identifying and destroying virus-infected and cancerous cells. They act rapidly without prior sensitization and play a key role in the innate immune response.
B. Cytokines: Cytokines are signaling proteins that help regulate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. They do not directly destroy infected or cancerous cells but mediate communication between immune cells.
C. Interleukins: Interleukins are a subset of cytokines that facilitate interactions between white blood cells. They support immune cell activation and proliferation but do not perform surveillance or direct cytotoxic actions.
D. Interferons: Interferons are proteins released by cells in response to viral infection. They enhance the immune response and inhibit viral replication but do not directly destroy infected or malignant cells like NK cells do.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Basilic vein: The basilic vein is located in the arm and is not typically used for coronary artery bypass grafting. It is more commonly used for vascular access, such as in arteriovenous fistulas for dialysis.
B. Gastroepiploic artery: The gastroepiploic artery can be used in coronary bypass surgery but is less commonly selected due to its location in the abdomen and the technical challenges associated with harvesting it.
C. Radial artery: The radial artery is sometimes used as a graft, especially when multiple grafts are needed, but it is not the most commonly used vessel. It is often chosen for its muscular wall and long-term patency.
D. Saphenous vein: The saphenous vein, located in the leg, is the most commonly used vessel for coronary artery bypass grafting due to its length, ease of access, and suitability for multiple grafts. It has been a standard choice for decades.

A. "New hair growth will return without any change to color or texture." B. "Wigs can be used after the chemotherapy is completed." C. "Clients with alopecia will have delay in grey hair." D. The hair loss is usually temporary."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "New hair growth will return without any change to color or texture.": Hair may grow back with changes in texture, thickness, or color. Some clients experience curlier or finer hair than before, so this statement is misleading and overly definite.
B. "Wigs can be used after the chemotherapy is completed.": Wigs can be used during chemotherapy as well, not only afterward. This statement unnecessarily limits options for managing the psychological effects of alopecia during treatment.
C. "Clients with alopecia will have delay in grey hair.": Chemotherapy affects rapidly dividing cells, including hair follicles, but it does not delay the natural aging process or graying. This is not a known effect of chemotherapy-induced alopecia.
D. "The hair loss is usually temporary.": This is the most accurate and reassuring statement. Chemotherapy-induced alopecia is a common side effect of many chemotherapy drugs. It occurs because chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cells, including hair follicle cells. It is typically reversible, and hair regrowth begins within weeks to months after treatment ends.

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The nurse understands that which cells circulate throughout the body looking for virus-infected cells and cancer cells?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is preparing a client for coronary artery bypass surgery. What vessel does the nurse know is most commonly used for grafting?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for chemotherapy. Which is the best statement the nurse can make about the client experiencing chemotherapy-induced alopecia?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

In which client does the nurse consider the presence of an S3 heart sound to be normal?

The nurse is caring for a client who is having a mitral valve replacement with a mechanical valve. What instructions should the nurse be sure the client understands prior to being discharged?

The nurse on a surgical unit is caring for a client recovering from recent surgery with the placement of a nasogastric tube to low continuous suction. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to occur?

Which statement would indicate that the parents of child with cystic fibrosis understand the disorder?

A client with venous insufficiency is instructed to exercise, apply elastic stockings, and elevate the extremities. Which is the primary benefit for this nursing management regimen

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The nurse is caring for clients on a busy cardiac unit. Following morning assessment, the nurse would notify the physician with which of the following symptoms?

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