The nurse understands that which cells circulate throughout the body looking for virus-infected cells and cancer cells?

Natural killer cells

Cytokines

Interleukins

Interferons

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Natural killer cells: Natural killer (NK) cells are a type of lymphocyte that patrol the body, identifying and destroying virus-infected and cancerous cells. They act rapidly without prior sensitization and play a key role in the innate immune response.
B. Cytokines: Cytokines are signaling proteins that help regulate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. They do not directly destroy infected or cancerous cells but mediate communication between immune cells.
C. Interleukins: Interleukins are a subset of cytokines that facilitate interactions between white blood cells. They support immune cell activation and proliferation but do not perform surveillance or direct cytotoxic actions.
D. Interferons: Interferons are proteins released by cells in response to viral infection. They enhance the immune response and inhibit viral replication but do not directly destroy infected or malignant cells like NK cells do.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hydroxyurea: Hydroxyurea is a chemotherapeutic agent primarily used in conditions like sickle cell disease and some cancers. It is not part of standard antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV management.
B. Anticholinergics: Anticholinergics are used to reduce secretions or treat conditions like asthma and overactive bladder. They are not used in the treatment of HIV and do not affect viral replication.
C. Disinhibitors: "Disinhibitors" is not a recognized pharmacological class in the treatment of HIV. The term "disinhibitor" might be used in other contexts, such as describing the effects of certain substances on behavior, but it's not a pharmacological classification for HIV medications.
D. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors: These are a cornerstone of HIV treatment. They inhibit the reverse transcriptase enzyme, which the virus uses to convert its RNA into DNA. This class includes both NRTIs and NNRTIs and is typically used in combination therapy.

A. Attend a self-help group. B. Stick to a strict diet plan. C. Be cautious of sugar-free items. D. Remember recovery is a day-by-day process.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Attend a self-help group: Self-help groups offer emotional support and accountability, which are beneficial for those recovering from binge eating. They help reduce isolation and promote healthy coping strategies.
B. Stick to a strict diet plan: Rigid dieting increases the risk of relapse by creating a cycle of deprivation followed by loss of control. Binge eaters benefit more from flexible, balanced eating plans that promote sustainable habits and reduce food guilt.
C. Be cautious of sugar-free items: Some sugar-free products contain sugar alcohols that may cause digestive discomfort and trigger eating episodes. Awareness of food choices is important in managing physical and emotional reactions to food.
D. Remember recovery is a day-by-day process: Emphasizing gradual progress supports long-term change and reduces pressure. This mindset helps prevent discouragement and relapse, especially when setbacks occur.

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The nurse understands that which cells circulate throughout the body looking for virus-infected cells and cancer cells?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with HIV will be started on a medication regimen of three medications. What class of drugs will the nurse instruct the client about?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is assisting a binge eater in establishing a dietary plan of care. What instruction is most likely to cause a relapse in behavior?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with an upper respiratory disorder. The client states they have a hacky, non-productive cough, which wakens them during the night. Which over-the-counter medication would the nurse suggest to diminish the cough during the night?

The nurse is caring for a client with tension pneumothorax. Which nursing assessment would alert the nurse to the development of a mediastinal shift in this client?

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pneumonia. The client informs the nurse of having several drug allergies. The physician has ordered an antibiotic as well as several other medications for cough and fever. What should the nurse do prior to administering the medications?

The nurse caring for an older adult with a diagnosis of leukemia would encourage the client to use an electric razor. What is the rationale for this statement by the nurse?

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the client being prescribed antipsychotic medications. Which discharge instruction(s) should be included? Select all that apply.

The nurse observes a client with an onset of heart failure having rapid, shallow breathing at a rate of 32 breaths/minute. What blood gas analysis does the nurse anticipate finding initially?

The client has just been diagnosed with binge eating disorder. Which statement by the client is most indicative of this diagnosis?

A client with AIDS is admitted to the hospital with severe diarrhea and dehydration. The physician suspects an infection with Cryptosporidium. What type of specimen should be collected to confirm this diagnosis?